1. Islamic Legislation
Part 3

2. Differences: Riwayah Dirayah
Only Narrating Ahadeeth of the Prophet (saw)
Dirayah
Understanding and Deriving the rules from the Ahadeeth of the Prophet (saw)

3. Sources of Islamic Legislation
إستنباط
Derive
How we derive rulings from the source
Usool Al-Fiqh (Principles of Jurist prudence)
أصول (basic/rules)

4. أصول Base/Rule
Definition: It’s the knowledge of those laws which provide the means of providing the rules of the Shari’ah.
Subject Matters: 4 Proofs {Qur’an|Sunnah|Ijmaa (Consensus)|Qiyaas (Logical analysis)}
Purpose: The reason for learning this knowledge is to become aware of the proof of the Shari’ah, because Muslims are obliged to follow the Shari’ah.

5. 1st Base of Islamic Law-Qur’an
The Qur’an is the Main Source of all Islamic Teachings
It provides a code of conduct for every believer
The Qur’an Explains itself, Being its own Tafseer
Example:
In Surah Maaidah 5:1 – Allah (sw) Says:
Explanantion
In Surah Maaidah 5:3 – Allah (sw) Says:

6. 2nd Base of Islamic Law-Sunnah
Literal:
Path/Way/Action/Habit
Technical: Words, actions and approval (silent) of the Prophet (pbuh) and the Sahaba by extention.
Example: لاتغضب “Do not get angry”
Note: Relation with the Qur’an and the Sunnah is Linked

7. Parts of a Hadeeth: Rawee (Narrator)
Sanad (Chain of narrator/narrators)
Matan (Text)
حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الأَنْصَارِيُّ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيُّ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنَ وَقَّاصٍ اللَّيْثِيَّ، يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ ‏ "‏ إِنَّمَا الأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّيَّاتِ، وَإِنَّمَا لِكُلِّ امْرِئٍ مَا نَوَى، فَمَنْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى دُنْيَا يُصِيبُهَا أَوْ إِلَى امْرَأَةٍ يَنْكِحُهَا فَهِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى مَا هَاجَرَ إِلَيْهِ ‏"‏‏.
Rawee
Sanad
Matan

8. Three Types of Hadeeth:
Mutawatirah (Anyone who rejects Disbelief)
Masthoor (Anyone who rejects Sinner)
Khabr Wahid (Anyone who rejects Nothing)
Mutawatirah
Masthoor
Khabr Wahid P P P
Large Group
Small Group
Large Group
Large Group
Small Group
Large Group
Small Group
Large Group
Small Group
Written
Written
Large Group

9. 3rd Base of Islamic Law-Ijmaa
3 Parts:
After Prophet’s Demise
The Scholar’s unanimity of the era
In the matters that are “Furoo” (Subsidiaries)
Mujtahid (Trained Scholar)
Mujtahehedeen (Plural)

10. Examples of أصول – Roots (Serious matter)
Salaah
Zakaat
Hajj
Masjid

11. Examples of فروع –Branches (Non Important Issues)
How to Pray
How to Drive a car

12. Three Types of Ijmaa: Mutawatirah (Anyone who rejects Disbelief)
Masthoor (Anyone who rejects Sinner)
Khabr Wahid (Anyone who rejects Nothing)
Mutawatirah
Masthoor
Aahadi
Large Group
Small Group
Large Group
Large Group
Small Group
Large Group
Small Group
Large Group
Small Group

13. Qiyaas قياس (Logical Analysis)
Haram
Wine
Gambling
Intoxicant
Oppression
Defined as Haram
Cocaine has the same “cause” as the wine and that is intoxication. Therefore, Cocaine is Haram.
1-Defined 2-Undefined 3-Cause 4-Ruling