1. P1.1.4 Heating and Insulating Buildings
P1 Physics
Mr D Powell

2. Connection
Connect your learning to the content of the lesson
Share the process by which the learning will actually take place
Explore the outcomes of the learning, emphasising why this will be beneficial for the learner
Demonstration
Use formative feedback – Assessment for Learning
Vary the groupings within the classroom for the purpose of learning – individual; pair; group/team; friendship; teacher selected; single sex; mixed sex
Offer different ways for the students to demonstrate their understanding
Allow the students to “show off” their learning
Consolidation
Structure active reflection on the lesson content and the process of learning
Seek transfer between “subjects”
Review the learning from this lesson and preview the learning for the next
Promote ways in which the students will remember
A “news broadcast” approach to learning
Activation
Construct problem-solving challenges for the students
Use a multi-sensory approach – VAK
Promote a language of learning to enable the students to talk about their progress or obstacles to it
Learning as an active process, so the students aren’t passive receptors

3. Quick Summary....

6. P1.1.4 Heating and Insulating Buildings
a) U-values measure how effective a material is as an insulator.
b) The lower the U-value, the better the material
is as an insulator.
c) Solar panels may contain water that is heated by radiation from the Sun. This water may then be used to heat buildings or provide domestic hot water.
d) The specific heat capacity of a substance is the
amount of energy required to change the
temperature of one kilogram of the substance
by one degree Celsius.
E = mc
E is energy transferred in joules, J
m is mass in kilograms, kg
 is temperature change in degrees Celsius, °C
c is specific heat capacity in J / kg °C

7. A Insulation We can insulate our homes to keep the energy in.
Different forms of insulation save us different amounts of money as they save different amounts of energy

8. A
Floor Insulation
This is usually used when installing an under floor heating system. This consists of;
carpet, ceramic tile, etc)
screed
water pipe
floor insulation
concrete sub-floor

9. Cavity Wall Insulation II
This insulation is in the form of polystyrene beads. This allows the house to breathe more freely than with the Glassroc

10. Cavity Wall Insulation
This is a very modern form of cavity wall. The Glassroc is made from glass fibres matted together and prevents convection currents

11. A
Draught Excluders
These brush like structures prevent convection currents around doors and are very cheap to fit.
They also come in a rubber seal form to go around windows

12. A Two glass sheets of glass create a sandwich of trapped air.
Double Glazing
Two glass sheets of glass create a sandwich of trapped air.
This prevents conduction and convection currents.
Often one surface has a special coating to absorb the suns infra red rays.

13. Question 2

14. Learning point a) & b) U - Values
This is a measure of the thermal (heat) energy flowing through a building element. The higher the U-value, the more heat flows through, so a good U-value is a low one.
The U-VALUE physically describes how much thermal energy in watts (W) is transferred through a building component with an area of 1m2 at a temperature difference of 1°C.
The units for U value are.... W/m2 °C

15. U-Value Material Types...

16. c) Solar Water Panels
Solar heating panels absorb infrared radiation and use it to heat water. The panels are placed to receive the maximum amount of the Sun’s energy. In the northern hemisphere,
they must face south and be angled so that the Sun’s rays falls on them as directly as possible for as long as possible.

17. d) The specific heat capacity
The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of energy required to change the temperature of one kilogram of the substance by one degree Celsius.
E = m x c x
E is energy transferred in joules, J
m is mass in kilograms, kg
 is temperature change in degrees Celsius, °C
c is specific heat capacity in J / kg°C

18. Section 1 will require them to:
 consider the variables (independent, dependent and control) that they will need to
manage during the investigation
 report on their research into how to test the hypothesis they have been given
 write a detailed plan of their chosen method
 identify possible hazards and write down how the risks may be minimised
 draw a suitable blank table suitable for the method they have planned.

19. ISA Preparation P1.1.4 Heating and Insulating Buildings
d) The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of energy required to change the
temperature of one kilogram of the substance
by one degree Celsius.
E = mc
E is energy transferred in joules, J
m is mass in kilograms, kg
 is temperature change in degrees Celsius, °C
c is specific heat capacity in J / kg °C
ISA Skills for Stage 1
Section 1:
Write a plan for your experiment.
Stage 3:
Carry out a method and obtain results which are recorded in a table.
Stage 4:
Complete analysis and calculations with the data obtained.

20. How Much Energy do Materials Absorb?

21. 1 kg Metal blocks (Cu, Fe, Al)
Equipment
two digital multimeters (V & A)
power supply, 0 – 12 V DC
thermometer, 0 – 100C
12 V heater
Diagram
stopwatch
12V A V
Thermometer
Heater
electrical leads
Metal block
1 kg Metal blocks (Cu, Fe, Al)

22. DC Volts Various Ranges DC mA various ranges Resistance ranges in 
Using a Multi-meter
DC Volts
Various Ranges
DC mA various ranges
Resistance ranges in 
Normal Currents up to 10A
Volts or mA or 

23. Homework - Design a new experiment?
power supply, 0 – 12 V DC ?
thermometer, 0 – 100C
stopwatch
Diagram ?
two digital multimeters (V & A)
electrical leads

24. A B C D E F G ? 21.5 34 12.5 2.62 9.1 420 801 Al Fe Cu Results....
Metal (1kg)
Start Temp / C
End Temp / C
Temp Rise / C
Current /A
PD / V
Time for rise / s
SHC
/ J /kg°C ?
21.5 34
12.5
2.62
9.1
420
801 Al Fe Cu
Quoted....
Aluminium (Al) is 902 J /kg°C
Iron (Fe) 450 J /kg°C
Copper (Cu) is 385 J /kg°C

25. How can you explain these things...
P1.1.4 Heating and Insulating Buildings
P1.1.4 Heating and Insulating Buildings
a) U-values measure how effective a material is as an insulator.
b) The lower the U-value, the better the material is as an insulator.
c) Solar panels may contain water that is heated by radiation from the Sun. This water may then be used to heat buildings or provide domestic hot water.
d) The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of energy required to change the temperature of one kilogram of the substance
by one degree Celsius.
E = m c
a) U-values measure how effective a material is as an insulator.
b) The lower the U-value, the better the material is as an insulator.
c) Solar panels may contain water that is heated by radiation from the Sun. This water may then be used to heat buildings or provide domestic hot water.
d) The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of energy required to change the temperature of one kilogram of the substance
by one degree Celsius.
E = m c

26. P1.1.4 Heating and Insulating Buildings
Specific Heat Capacity Questions...
3) The table shows how much energy is needed to make the temperature of 1 kg of Different substances rise by
1 °C. Which substance has the highest specific heat capacity? Give a reason for your answer. (FT/HT)
1) Calculate the amount of heat energy which must be supplied to heat 5 kg of water in a bath from 15 °C to 68 °C. Given that the specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/kg °C. (FT) (Hint use... E = m x c x )
E = m x c x 
= 5kg x 4200 J/kgC x (68-15) C =
E = 111.5kJ
2) The same amount of heat was supplied to different masses of three substances: A, B and C. The temperature rise in each case is shown in the table below. Calculate the specific heat capacities of A, B and C. (FT) A) B) C)
It must be Steel as it takes the most amount of energy to heat 1kg by 1 C
4) A microwave oven is used to heat a cold mug of coffee. In a few seconds the temperature of the coffee rises by 70 °C. Showing clearly how you work out your final answer, calculate the heat energy in joules gained by the coffee. Take the mass of the coffee to be 0.2 kg and the specific heat capacity of the coffee to be 4000 J/kg °C. (HT)
E/m = c = 2000J/(1x1) = 2000 J/kgC
E = m x c x
= 0.2kg x 4000 J/kgC x 70C
=56,000J
E = 56kJ
E/m = c = 2000J/(2x5) = 200 J/kgC
E/m = c = 2000J/(0.5x4) = 1000 J/kgC
P1.1.4 Heating and Insulating Buildings

27. P1.1.4 Heating and Insulating Buildings
What do they do?
P1.1.4 Heating and Insulating Buildings

28. P1.1.4 Heating and Insulating Buildings
What do they do?
P1.1.4 Heating and Insulating Buildings

29. P1.1.4 Heating and Insulating Buildings
Specific Heat Capacity Questions...
3) The table shows how much energy is needed to make the temperature of 1 kg of Different substances rise by
1 °C. Which substance has the highest specific heat capacity? Give a reason for your answer. (FT/HT)
1) Calculate the amount of heat energy which must be supplied to heat 5 kg of water in a bath from 15 °C to 68 °C. Given that the specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/kg °C. (FT)
2) The same amount of heat was supplied to different masses of three substances: A, B and C. The temperature rise in each case is shown in the table below. Calculate the specific heat capacities of A, B and C. (FT) A) B) C)
4) A microwave oven is used to heat a cold mug of coffee. In a few seconds the temperature of the coffee rises by 70 °C. Showing clearly how you work out your final answer, calculate the heat energy in joules gained by the coffee. Take the mass of the coffee to be 0.2 kg and the specific heat capacity of the coffee to be 4000 J/kg °C. (HT)
P1.1.4 Heating and Insulating Buildings

30. P1.1.4 Heating and Insulating Buildings
Specific Heat Capacity Questions...
3) The table shows how much energy is needed to make the temperature of 1 kg of Different substances rise by
1 °C. Which substance has the highest specific heat capacity? Give a reason for your answer. (FT/HT)
1) Calculate the amount of heat energy which must be supplied to heat 5 kg of water in a bath from 15 °C to 68 °C. Given that the specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/kg °C. (FT)
2) The same amount of heat was supplied to different masses of three substances: A, B and C. The temperature rise in each case is shown in the table below. Calculate the specific heat capacities of A, B and C. (FT) A) B) C)
4) A microwave oven is used to heat a cold mug of coffee. In a few seconds the temperature of the coffee rises by 70 °C. Showing clearly how you work out your final answer, calculate the heat energy in joules gained by the coffee. Take the mass of the coffee to be 0.2 kg and the specific heat capacity of the coffee to be 4000 J/kg °C. (HT)
P1.1.4 Heating and Insulating Buildings