1. Chapter 12 Lesson 1
Wartime America

2. Minorities in World War II
African Americans in the Military 
African Americans who enlisted had separate training facilities. White officers commanded their units. Most African American soldiers were assigned to noncombat units.
The Tuskegee Airmen 
The Tuskegee Airmen was comprised of African American volunteers.

3. Minorities in World War II
Japanese Americans 
The 442nd Regimental Combat Team and the 100th Infantry Battalion were comprised of Japanese American citizen volunteers. Their family members were confined to internment camps.
Hispanic Americans 
Many Mexican Americans and Puerto Ricans served both on the front lines and in support services.
Native Americans 
More than 30 percent of all eligible Native Americans saw battle. Native Americans were regarded as fierce warriors and, unlike other minorities, were welcomed on the front lines.

4. Minorities in World War II
Jewish Americans 
About 500,000 Jewish American served during World War II.
Women 
Women were limited to clerical duties assigned to the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC). In 1943 the Women’s Army Corps (WAC) became part of the regular army, but women could still not serve in combat roles. Women in the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) were allowed to deliver planes to different locations.

5. Output of Military Products
War Production 
War production increased as the government turned many peace-time factories over to the production of war equipment and materials.
Cost Plus 
The cost-plus system gave businesses monetary incentives to produce military goods quickly.

6. The Real Rosie Women Workers Factory Workers
The government hired millions of women for clerical work during the war.
Factory Workers 
War mobilization brought many women into factory jobs usually done by men and changed the perception of women as workers. “Rosie the Riveter” became the iconic image from that period.