1. Colons, Hyphens, & Dashes
Addison B. & Madison B. & Leo F.

2. Definition of a Colon & Example
A punctuation mark (:) that is used in between lists and separating two clauses.
The kinds of fiction in which prevails include these: fairy tales, Westerns, and detective stories.
The Olympic Games include sport like these: swimming, gymnastics, and track.

3. Rules of Colons
Use a colon to introduce a list, especially after a statement that uses words such as these, namely, the following, or as follows.
Use a colon to introduce material that illustrates, explains, or restates the preceding material.
Use a colon to introduce a long or formal quotation. A formal quotation is often preceded by such words as this, these, the following, or as follows.
Use a colon between the hour and minute of the precise time
Use a colon between the chapter and verse in biblical references
Use a colon after the salutation of a business letter

4. Definition of a Hyphen & Example
A sign (-) used to to join words together
All-purpose
Ex-senator
Re-use

5. Rules of Hyphens
Use a hyphen after any prefix joined to a proper noun or proper adjective. Use a hyphen after the prefixes all-, ex- (meaning “former”), and self- joined to any noun or adjective.
Use a hyphen after the prefix anti- when it joins a word beginning with i. Also use a hyphen after the prefix vice-, except vice president.
Use a hyphen to avoid confusion between words beginning with re- that look alike but are different in meaning and pronunciation.
Use a hyphen in a compound adjective that precedes a noun.

6. Rules of Hyphens Continued
Hyphenate any spelled-out cardinal number (such as twenty-one) or ordinal number (such as twenty-first) up to ninety-nine or ninety-ninth
Hyphenate a fraction that is expressed in words
Hyphenate two numerals to indicate a span

7. Definition of a Dash & Example
On a typewriter you would use two hyphens (--). If you’re using a computer you may have a combination of keystrokes to make a proper dash.
Don’t place a comma, a semicolon, a colon, or a period before or after a dash

8. Rules of Dashes
Use a dash to indicate an abrupt break or change in thought within a sentence
Use a dash to set off and emphasize extra information or parenthetical comments

9. Citation