1. Osteoporosis & Importance of Calcium
By :Tansheet Jawad
5/25/2019

2. What is Osteoporosis?
A skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength predisposing a person to an increased risk of fracture.
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3. BONE REMODELING Bone is a living tissue
A large multinuclear cell invades bone surface
Carves out cavities
Release calcium
FORMATION
New cells fill in the cavities by building new bones
OSTEOPOROSIS OCCURS
When multinuclear cell carves too deeply
New cell fails to fill enough new bone
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4. SCOPE OF THE PROBLEM 28 million people affected in USA
10 million have the disease
18 million at the risk
1.5 million fractures per year
Annual cost $13.8 billion,or $38 million per day
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5. SITUATION IN PAKISTAN 6million patients in Pakistan
2 million have the disease
4 million at risk
4 million are women
1in 2 women will have an osteoporotic fracture
144,000 fractures annually
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6. LIFE AFTER A MAJOR FRACTURE
One third do not survive one year after surgery
Half of those who survive will not walk
Half of the rest will become dependant
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7. WHY SHOULD I WORRY? Problem of old people
None of my parents had this problem
If anything breaks, doctors can fix it
It is not a real problem,pharmaceutical companies just scare people to sell drugs
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8. OSTEOPOROSIS MYTHS Osteoporosis does not exist as a disease
Only problem of old women around 70 years age with low bone density
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9. OSTEOPOROSIS FACTS Affects women as well as men
Younger patients ,in 40’s and 50’s are common
Bone density is a reasonably accurate predictor of fracture risk but fractures can occur in patients without poor BMD.
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10. PEDIATRIC DISEASE WITH GERIATRIC OUTCOME
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11. DIAGNOSIS Blood test to see calcium levels are useless.
Bone density is always evaluated in the light of the individual patient.
A poor reading in a young patient does not signify osteoporosis.
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12. DON’T FORGET TO TAKE CALCIUM AND VITAMIN D
TREATMENTS AVAILABLE
Fluorides
Antiresorptive – e.g. calcitonin
Bone anabolic
Most important
DON’T FORGET TO TAKE CALCIUM AND VITAMIN D
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13. IMPORTANCE OF CALCIUM Most abundant mineral element in the body.
Crucial and active Biological role
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14. Biological Functions of Calcium
Blood clotting
Heart beat regulation
B.P.regulation
Cell division
Releasing energy from food
Blood sugar control
Sending nerve impulses
Skeletal muscle movement
Communication between cells
Sending signals between cells
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15. Calcium Deficiency Disorders
Rickets
Osteomalacia
Osteopenia
Osteoporosis
Fractures
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16. RDA of Calcium (NIH) Birth to 6 months = 400 mg
1 – 5 years = mg
Adolescence = 1200 – 1500 mg
Pregnant / lactating women = 1200 mg
Pre-menopausal women y =1000 mg
Post-menopausal women = 1500 mg
All women & men over 65 yrs = 1500 mg
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17. CALCIUM IN DIET Milk (250 ml) = 306 mg Cheese (45 g) =432 mg
Yogurt (125 g) =203 mg
Bread white(1 slice) = 20 mg
Rice white (125 g) = 15 mg
Potato (1 medium) = 07 mg
Peanuts(125 g) = 56 mg
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18. WHY A CALCIUM CRISIS
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19. WHY A CALCIUM CRISIS Low Calcium Intake Calcium Robbers
Vitamin D Deficiency
Sedentary Life
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20. LOW CALCIUM INTAKE Less intake of Dairy products due to:
Change in Dietary Habits
Quality of Milk
Financial Reasons
Dairy Food Myths
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21. DAIRY FOOD MYTHS 1) PEOPLE WHO ARE SENSITIVE TO LACTOSE SHOULD AVOID
MILK AND OTHER DAIRY FOODS.
2) FLAVORED MILK ISN’T GOOD FOR CHILDREN DUE TO
SUGAR CONTENT.
3) ORGANIC MILK IS HEALTHIER THAN REGULAR MILK.
4) “RAW” MILK (UNPASTEURIZED) IS SAFER AND MORE
NATURAL THAT PASTEURIZED MILK.
5) CONSUMING DAIRY PRODUCTS CAN LEAD TO
WEIGHT GAIN.
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22. CALCIUM ROBBERS
Coffee & Soft Drinks(Caffeine)
Drugs
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23. CALCIUM ROBBERS Stress Excessive Animal Protein
Protein metabolism produces H2PO4 & H2SO4 which must first be buffered with calcium, an alkalizing mineral,before they can be excreted in the urine, resulting in calcium resorption
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24. VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY Vitamin D is fat – soluble.
It helps in absorption of calcium through GIT.
Main cause of deficiency may be lack of exposure to sunlight.
Where is my sunshine ???
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25. Solution to Vitamin D Deficiency
30 minutes exposure to sunlight / day provides 400 I.U of Vitamin D.
Recommend vitamin D along with calcium supplements.
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26. Sedentary Lifestyle
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27. Solution to Sedentary Lifestyle
Exercise Program
Aerobic Exercise
(walking, jogging)
Strength Training Program
(weight lifting, cycling)
Combination of Both
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28. TAKE CALCIUM RICH DIET
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29. AVOID
CALCIUM ROBBERS
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30. ENSURE ADEQUATE INTAKE OF VITAMIN D
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31. Osteoporosis is best prevented rather than treated.
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32. Thank You
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