1. Edited by Ms Rayner ATAR Biology Yr 11
ATP
Edited by Ms Rayner ATAR Biology Yr 11

2. What is ATP?
ATP
Provision of energy vital to ensure all essential life processes take place
All cells use glucose as the primary source of energy to drive chemical reactions occurring in cells
When glucose is broken down in the process of aerobic cellular respiration, the large amount of energy contained within it is released
This released energy is trapped & stored in small packets in many high energy molecules called Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
Therefore ATP is an energy storage molecule
The cell accesses the energy contained in ATP to power all cell functioning
Active transport, protein synthesis, meiosis, mitosis, movement, cell organisation, communication
ATP is a small mobile molecule that can deliver the energy to wherever it is required

3. What is ATP?
ATP
Composed of a complex molecule called adenosine (adenine attached to a ribose sugar) which is attached to three phosphate groups
The third phosphate group is a high-energy bond
When energy is required by the cell, this bond is broken & the energy it contains is released
ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and a free phosphate group is formed
To store energy produced by the cell, a free phosphate group is attached to the ADP molecule by a high energy bond, forming ATP

4. ATP Energy is transferred between reactions
Cells use the chemical energy released from exergonic reactions to fuel endergonic reactions.
This transfer is achieved by a molecule called adenine triphosphate (ATP).
ATP is a nucleotide containing adenosine attached to a sugar group (ribose), which is bound to a chain of three phosphate groups.
ATP is readily moved around the cell.
ATP is an energy carrier in all living cells. It couples energy-releasing reactions with energy requiring ones.
Hydrolysis of ATP removes the 3rd phosphate from the molecule and releases energy.
This leave adenine diphosphate (ADP) and a free inorganic phosphate.
This reaction is sped up by the enzyme ATPase.
The ATP–ADP cycle shuttles energy between reactions

5. ATP-ADP Cycle
Cells use chemical energy released from exergonic reactions to fuel endergonic reactions
Exergonic reactions release energy
Endergonic reactions require energy
This transfer is achieved by ATP
Hydrolysis of ATP removes the third phosphate from the molecule & releases energy
Hydrolysis = chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water
Leaving adenine diphosphate (ADP) & a free inorganic phosphate
Reaction is sped up by the enzyme ATPase

6. ATP-ADP Cycle Video

7. Try not to use your notes or textbook
ATP-ADP Cycle
Explain how the ATP-ADP cycle works
Draw a flowchart explaining the ATP-ADP cycle
Explain the relationship between ADP, ATP and ATPase
Try not to use your notes or textbook