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Marcellin Biology Notes
Meiosis
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Why do we look like our parents?
Because we are a combination of their genetic information.
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Chromosome Number Humans have 46 chromosomes.
How do we get this number? In sexual reproduction: Mom donates 23 chromosomes. Dad donates 23 chromosomes. Total = 46 chromosomes
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Karyotype- Chromosome Diagram
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Meiosis The process which reduces the number of chromosomes by half.
Also known as gamete formation. Produces haploid cells Sperm cells and egg cells (gametes) are haploid cells.
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Stages of Meiosis: Meiosis I
Interphase I Chromosomes copy right before meiosis begins. Prophase I Nuclear membrane dissolves. Sister chromatids form. Similar chromosomes pair up forming homologous pairs.
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Stages of Meiosis: Meiosis I
Metaphase I Homologous pairs line up in the middle of the cell. Anaphase I The homologous pairs separate and move to the poles.
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Stages of Meiosis: Meiosis I
Telophase I Cell divides into 2 daughter cells.
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Stages of Meiosis: Meiosis II
Prophase II Chromosomes are NOT copied again. Metaphase II The sister chromatids line up at the center of the cell.
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Stages of Meiosis: Meiosis II
Anaphase II Sister chromatids are separated and move to the poles. Telophase II Four new nuclei form in each cell. Cytokinesis takes place.
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