1. Cellular Respiration
By: Brad Harbeson

2. What is cellular Respiration?
Metabolic process to obtain energy.
6O2 + C6H12O6  6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
Total of 38 ATP made
4 (gross) from glycolysis
2 per glucose from Krebs
34 from ETC

3. Glycolysis Occurs in the cytoplasm
Begins with glucose; ends with pyruvate
Energy investing stage and energy yielding stage
2 NADH formed

4. Prep Step Carbon broken off of pyruvate Pyruvate  Acetyl group
Coenzyme A added, making Acetyl Co A
Ready for the Krebs Cycle

5. Krebs Cycle
Also called Citric Acid Cycle as it begins with citric acid and “ends” with oxaloacetate.
Cycles through making 3 NADH and 1 FADH2 per turn.

6. Electron Transport Chain
Series of enzymes bound to the inner membrane of mitochondria.
Passes e- from NADH and FADH2 to create a H+ concentration gradient.
H+ passes through ATP Synthase at the end of the chain to merge ADP and inorganic phosphate to form ATP.
Largest amount of ATP made here

7. Lactic Acid Fermentation
After glycolysis NAD+ needs to be regenerated.
ETC doesn’t work if no O2 is present.
We use Lactic Acid fermentation that lets us regenerate NAD+ and give us energy for a short period of time
Oxygen debt builds as lactic acid is produced, and causes muscle aches. Lactic acid is broken down by O2.

8. Alcoholic Fermentation
Yeast use alcoholic fermentation.
One of the byproducts is alcohol.
In large enough quantities it kills the organism(s).
This is used to make beer and liquor.