1. Chapter 10 Shoulder Joint

2. Joint Motions Flexion, extension, and hyperextension
Abduction and adduction
Medial and lateral rotation
Horizontal abduction and adduction
Circumduction
Scaption
Scaption = 30 degrees from frontal plane
End feels = all soft tissue stretch (firm)

3. Bones and Landmarks Scapula Glenoid fossa Glenoid labrum
Subscapular fossa
Infraspinous fossa
Supraspinous fossa
Axillary border
Acromion process

4. Bones and Landmarks Humerus Head Surgical neck Anatomical neck Shaft
Greater tubercle
Lesser tubercle
Deltoid tuberosity
Bicipital groove
Bicipital ridges

5. Ligaments and Other Structures
Joint capsule
Coracohumeral ligament
Glenoid labrum
Rotator cuff
Thoracolumbar fascia
Joint Capsule – superior, middle & inferior GH ligaments reinforce anterior capsule

6. Muscles of the Shoulder Joint
Deltoid
Anterior deltoid
Middle deltoid
Posterior deltoid
Pectoralis major
Clavicular portion
Sternal portion
Pectoralis Major – clavicular & sternal portions are antagonistic in flexion & extension but agonists in adduction, IR, & horizontal adduction
Clavicular portion – flexion early range (0-30); prime mover first 60 degrees of flexion
Sternal portion – extension prime mover; first 60 degrees of shoulder extension (from 180 to 120)

7. Muscles of the Shoulder Joint
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
Coracobrachialis
Latissimus – reversal of muscle action – pelvic elevation when arms are stabilized (ex: crutch walking)
Teres Major – ext, add, IR but not as effective as latissimus

8. Shoulder Joint
Anatomical relationships between shoulder girdle and shoulder joint
Summary of muscle action
Summary of muscle innervation
Muscle Action – Table 10.1 page 142
Muscle Innervation – Tables 10-2 & 10-3 page 143

9. Common Shoulder Pathologies
Acromioclavicular separation
Clavicular fracture
Shoulder dislocation
Impingement syndrome
Adhesive capsulitis
Rotator cuff tear
AC separation – 1st, 2nd, 3rd degree sprain
Shoulder dislocation – primarily anterior
Adhesive capsulitis – frozen shoulder