1. How did the Cold War change the nation at home?
Section 3
Essential Question:
How did the Cold War change the nation at home?
What lead to a hunt for spies, intolerance, and suspicion of people with radical ideas in the U.S.?

2. The New Red Scare Igor Gouzenko Subversion
a clerk in the Soviet Embassy in Ottawa, Canada defected
Had documents proving the Soviets were attempting to infiltrate the Canadian & U.S. governments & other agencies
Subversion

3. Loyalty Review Program
Investigation into loyalty of gov’t workers
Truman believes that nothing will be found and intends to calm Americans
212 employees were fired for having “questionable loyalty”
The public sees this as confirmation of their fears

4. House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) Formed in 1938
Investigate communists, and subversive activities within the United States
Use wiretaps; question groups suspected of being communists
Focused on Hollywood
Believed that directors and actors were spreading communist ideas through film

5. Hollywood Ten
During hearings ten screen writers evoked their 5th Amendment rights and refused to testify
Led producers to blacklist people if believed to be communist

6. Arthur Miller Was placed on the Blacklist The Crucible 1953
Criticism against the Red Scare trials interpreting them as witch hunts.

7. Alger Hiss Accused of being a communist and passing secret documents
President Truman as well as many Americans believed Hiss’ claims of innocence
Hiss was eventually convicted of perjury and spent 4 years in prison
Many see him as a product of the Witch Hunts
Alger Hiss 1948 testifying at HUAC hearing

8. Julius & Ethel Rosenberg
Found guilty of selling nuclear secrets to the Soviets
condemned to death for espionage
Project Venona
Cracked the Soviets code
Proved the Rosenberg's were guilty

9. Red Scare Spreads
Taft-Hartley Act - requires union leaders to take an oath that they are not communists
Senator Joseph McCarthy
claims he has a list of 205 State Department workers known to be communists
McCarthism
McCarran Act
Made it illegal to “combine, conspire, or agree with any other person to perform any act which would substantially contribute to the establishment of a totalitarian government. (Allowed for the arrest of Communists)
Sympathizing with communism – you could be arrested and detained
Does this fall under American Ideals?

10. McCarthy’s Downfall McCarthy’s downfall:
-He began to look for communists in the U.S. Army
-Americans watched McCarthy bully officers and harass them
- Eventually McCarthy was Censured