1. Acids and Bases
Chapter 10 Section 2

2. Acids and Their Properties
Acids have a sour taste.
Acids are corrosive.
Acids turn blue litmus paper red.
Acids conduct electric current.
Acids increase the number of H3O+ (Hydronium).

3. Uses of Acids Sulfuric Acid – paper, paint, detergents, & fertilizers
Nitric Acid – fertilizers, rubber & plastic
Hydrochloric Acid – separate metals from ores, digestion, keeping swimming pools free of algae.
Citric and ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) are found in orange juice.
Acetic acid is found in vinegar.
Carbonic and phosphoric acids in soft drinks.

4. Bases and Their Properties
Bases increase the number of OH- (Hydroxide)
Bases taste bitter
Bases are corrosive.
Bases feel slippery
Bases turn red litmus blue
Bases conduct electric current

5. Uses of Bases
Sodium hydroxide is in soap, paper, oven cleaners, and to unclog drains.
Calcium hydroxide is used to make cement and plaster.
Magnesium and aluminum hydroxides are used as antacids to treat upset stomachs.

6. pH Scale

7. Safety First!
Acids and bases can be harmful to your skin. Be careful and immediately report any spills to your teacher.

8. COMPARING ACIDS & BASES
TASTE
FEEL
IONS PRODUCED
INDICATOR/
LITMUS
# pH SCALE
USES OR EXAMPLES
sour
bitter
wet
slippery
H3O+
OH-
Red  blue
blue  red
# 0 - 6
#8 - 14

9. THE END