1. Reform Movements
Objective 2.05

2. Temperance Called for moderation of the consumption of alcohol
Alcohol caused crime, disorder, and poverty
West: used to ease loneliness
East: pubs, social activity
Some pushed to prohibit alcohol

3. Prison Reform Regardless of crime, inmates were crowded in together
Wanted to provide better environments
Rehabilitation of prisoners also came into play with the introduction of penitentiaries

4. Education Reform
Push for government-funded schools to be opened for all citizens
Massachusetts was first to pass this
Leadership of Mass. movement was Horace Mann
Calvin Wiley was leader in NC

5. Treatment of Mentally Handicapped
Reform of mental hospitals
School teacher, Dorothea Dix, was the leader of the reform
Began reform after she taught a Sunday school class in a mental facility and was appalled

6. Women’s Movement Pushed for women’s voting rights
Seneca Falls Convention (1848): beginning of organized movement
Led by Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton

7. Utopian Communities Society tended to corrupt human nature
Wanted to separate and form own utopia—an ideal society
Included cooperative
living and absence of
private property

8. Brook Farm—became most popular in Mass., est. by George Ripley
Shakers—not successful, didn’t believe in having children