1. Balkanization
Definition: Division of a multinational state into smaller ethnically homogeneous entities Began after breakup of the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian Empires (1918) Continued in Yugoslavia
1918

2. Critical to analyze maps and reflect on what we already know about history during these times
Yugoslavia was made up of 8 “states”
Yugoslavia
- Federations not treated equally under Yugoslav gov't Ethnic tensions on the rise
Yugoslav Federation crumbling Slovenia and Croatia declared independence Mass violence = ethnic cleansing Bosnia conflict (next slide) UN/NATO sent in to peace-keep Helped divide into new nations

4. Bosnia-Herzegovina Conflict 7th grade project in O’Connor’s class on genocide
Ethnically rooted war (1992–95) Multiethnic population  Bosniaks (Bosnian Muslims) Serbs Croats Under communist Yugoslavian rule: B-H faced social, econ, political changes No Muslim institutions allowed (Qur'an schools, charitable foundations) B-H declared independence after Slovenia and Croatia Bosnian Serbs began attacks Massacre of Bosniaks – largest in Euro since Holocaust UN wouldn’t intervene at first, then declared “safe-zones” Srebrenica not protected – 7,000 Bosniak men killed Finally US-sponsored peace talks (after 100,000 deaths) UN established International Criminal Tribunal War crimes (against humanity and genocide)

5.
Listen to eye witness testimony
Remember the map you did at the beginning of the unit?