1. Part II Axial Skeleton (A-D)

2. II Axial Skeleton Forms the longitudinal part of the body
Divided into three parts
Skull
Vertebral column
Thoracic cage (Bony thorax)

3. The Axial Skeleton
Figure 5.6

4. II Axial Skeleton Two sets of bones Cranium Facial bones
Bones are joined by sutures
Only the mandible is attached by a freely movable joint

5. II Axial Skeleton A. Cranial Bones (8) 1. parietal (x2)
2. temporal (x2)
3. frontal
4. occipital
5. sphenoid
6. ethmoid

6. II Axial Skeleton
B. Facial Bones (14)
1. mandible
2. vomer
3. maxilla (x2)
4. nasal (x2)
5. zygomatic (x2)
6. lacrimal (x2)
7. inferior nasal concha (x2)
8. palatine (x2)

7. II Axial Skeleton C. Cranial Sutures (4) sagittal – between parietals
lambdoid – between parietal and occipital
squamous – between parietal and temporal
coronal – between parietal and frontal

8. Paranasal Sinuses
Hollow portions of bones surrounding the nasal cavity
Figure 5.10

9. Paranasal Sinuses Functions of paranasal sinuses Lighten the skull
Give resonance and amplification to voice
Figure 5.10

10. II Axial Skeleton D. Paranasal Sinuses 1. sphenoid sinus
2. ethmoid sinus frontal sinus
4. maxillary sinus
cranial sinuses
facial sinus

11. acoustic (auditory) meatus
8 Cranial Bones 5
sphenoid 1 2
frontal
parietal x2 6
ethmoid 4
temporal x2 3
occipital
acoustic (auditory) meatus 7 9
styloid process
mastoid process 8 10
mental foramen

12. Cranial Sutures coronal suture sagittal suture squamous suture
lambdoid suture

13. 14 Facial Bones lacrimal x2 nasal x2 zygomatic maxilla mandible
zygomatic arch
zygomatic x2
maxilla x2
mandible

14. maxilla
hard palate
palatine x2
vomer

15. inferior nasal concha x2

16. Name the two facial bones that are NOT paired???
mandible
Name the two facial bones that are NOT paired???
vomer

17. frontal
ethmoid
sphenoid
temporal
foramen magnum
occipital

18. Sinuses
frontal
ethmoid
sphenoid
maxillary

19. Bones of the Skull
Figure 5.11

20. The Skull
Figure 5.7

21. Human Skull, Inferior View
Figure 5.9

22. Human Skull, Superior View
Figure 5.8

23. The Fetal Skull
The fetal skull is large compared to the infants total body length
Figure 5.13

24. The Fetal Skull
Fontanelles – fibrous membranes connecting the cranial bones
Allow the brain to grow
Convert to bone within 24 months after birth
Figure 5.13