1. EVALUATION OF HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE – COMMUNITY-WIDE EVALUATION-
Megumi Kuwana
Civil Sophia

2. HUMANITARIAN AID IN CONFLICT AFFECTED AREAS
SITUATION:
HUMANITARIAN AID IN CONFLICT AFFECTED AREAS
Increase of International Humanitarian aid towards conflict affected Areas
（Increase of internal or regional conflicts after cold war）
Countries coming out of war face a 44 percent chance of relapsing within five years（World Bank 2003)
Humanitarian Aid promoting
Sustainable Social Reconstruction
Is important
Evaluation as effective Humanitarian aid???

3. PROBLEMS Feature of Humanitarian aid Conventional Evaluation
Fluidity and complexity of the situation
　Disintegration of the social system
Unavailability of base-line data and Difficulty of data collection
Multiplicity of Actors
Less Involving local stakeholders
Side Effects on the recipient population
Project Cycle Evaluation for measuring the achievements in areas of pre-defined plan
Cause –effect analysis
Implementer or donor oriented
Upward Accountability
Overall content and longer –term of content
Involving beneficiaries
Analyzing multi-actor activities

4. ALTERNATIVE IMAGES OF EVALUATION
Community-wide approach
Frerks and Hilhorst(2002: 10)

5. THE CASE OF TIMOR LESTE: BACKGROUND
16c～1999：　under control of foreigners regime (Portal, Japan, Indonesia)
　1999.9
　Massive disturbance after referendum, 600,000 become refugees, IDPs
　 ～ 　under UN transitional administration
　⇒　first large humanitarian aid operation
　 Independence　
　 Disorder 150,000 become IDPs
　⇒　second large humanitarian aid operation

6. Evaluation of Humanitarian assistance after 3 – 5 years
Evaluation Target:
Impact of humanitarian aid on the overall sustainable peace and community recovery process at community level.
Timing :
2004.8～ （3-5 years after humanitarian aid）
Method:
Semi-Structure Key informant Interview
Liquica
District
4 villages
Questionnaire to community inhabitants
Focus Group Discussion
Participatory Process

7. Evaluation Criteria Criteria proposed by community members
　Social economy
　 ① Peaceful Situation　
　 ② Economic Situation
　Bonding Social Capital
　　① Cooperation among villagers
　　② Trust　among neighbors
　　③ Village leadership
　Bridging Social Capital　
　　① Relationship with government
　　② Relationship with aid agencies
③ Relationship with neighbor villages
　Civil Society　
　　 CSO Activities

8. Humanitarian aid Impact on Community
　Building Peaceful Community
　Improve economic situation for beneficiaries during the project period
　Activating Village Cooperation among the project groups
　Improving relationship with the government agencies
　Activating CSOs which involves the aid projects
Disordered Community Leadership
Weakening Community Cooperation
Effect of aid projects are during project period only
Bad effects on community building
Evaluation of Humanitarian aid needs overall and long-term viewpoint. Community-wide evaluation is one of the way