1. Ionic Bonding

2. Keeping Track of Electrons
Atoms in the same column
have the same properties because
have the same outer electron configuration.
Have the same valence electrons.

3. X Electron Dot diagrams A way of keeping track of valence electrons.
How to write them
Write the symbol.
Put one dot for each valence electron
Don’t pair up until they have to
Except for the right side 6 3 X 4 1 7 2 5 8

4. The Electron Dot diagram for Nitrogen
Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons.
First we write the symbol. N
Add 2 electrons to the right
Then add 1 electron at a time to each side.
Until they are forced to pair up.

5. The Electron Dot diagram for Oxygen
Oxygen has 6 valence electrons.
First we write the symbol. O
Add 2 electrons to the right
Then add 1 electron at a time to each side.
Until they are forced to pair up.

6. Write the electron dot diagram forNa Mg C O F Ne He

7. Electron Dots For Cations
Metals will have few valence electrons Ca

8. Electron Dots For Cations
Metals will have few valence electrons
These will come off Ca

9. Electron Dots For Cations
Metals will have few valence electrons
These will come off
Forming positive ions
Ca2+

10. Electron Dots For Anions
Nonmetals will have many valence .electrons.
They will gain electrons to fill outer shell. P
P3-

11. Practice Use electron dot diagrams to show how the following form ionsAl Cl C

12. Stable Electron Configurations
All atoms react to achieve noble gas configuration.
Noble gases have 2 s and 6 p electrons.
8 valence electrons .
Also called the octet rule. Ar

13. Names of ions Cations keep the name of the metal Ca calcium
Ca2+ calcium ion
Anions change ending to –ide
Cl Chlorine
Cl1- chloride ion

14. Ionic Bonding
Anions and cations are held together by opposite charges.
This is the bond
Ionic compounds are called salts.
Simplest ratio is called the formula unit.
The bond is formed through the transfer of electrons.
Electrons are transferred to achieve noble gas configuration.

15. Ionic Bonding 1+ 1- Na Cl

16. Ionic Bonding
All the electrons must be accounted for! Ca P

17. Ionic Bonding Ca P

18. Ionic Bonding
Ca2+ P

19. Ionic Bonding
Ca+2 P Ca

20. Ionic Bonding
Ca2+
P3- Ca

21. Ionic Bonding
Ca2+
P3- Ca P

22. Ionic Bonding
Ca2+
P3-
Ca2+ P

23. Ionic Bonding Ca
Ca2+
P3-
Ca2+ P

24. Ionic Bonding Ca
Ca2+
P3-
Ca2+ P

25. Ionic Bonding
Ca2+
Ca2+
P3-
Ca2+
P3-

26. Ionic Bonding
Ca3P2
Formula Unit

27. Practice
Use electron dot diagrams to show how the following elements make an ionic compound and write the formula unit
Mg and Cl

28. Practice
Na and N

29. Practice
Al and O