1. Circulatory System Structures
Heart
Blood Vessels
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Blood

2. Circulatory System Function
The overall function of the circulatory system is to transport materials throughout the body toward and away from particular target organs and tissues.

3. Two Pathways Pulmonary Circulation Systemic Circulation
Carries blood to lungs and back to the heart
Systemic Circulation
Carries blood to body and back to the heart

4. Capillaries of head and arms
Capillaries of abdominal organs and legs
Inferior vena cava
Pulmonary vein
Capillaries of right lung
Superior vena cava
Aorta
Pulmonary artery
Capillaries of left lung

5. Your Blood Vessels: Pathway of Circulation
3 types of vessels
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins

6. Artery vs. Vein

7. Arteries: carries blood Away from heart
Large
Thick-walled, Muscular
Elastic
Oxygenated blood
Exception Pulmonary Artery
Carried under great pressure
Steady pulsating
Arterioles: smaller vessels, enter tissue

9. Capillaries Smallest vessel Microscopic Walls one cell thick
Nutrients and gases diffuse here

10. Veins: Carries blood to heart
Carries blood that contains waste and CO2
Exception pulmonary vein
Blood not under much pressure
Valves to prevent much gravity pull
Venules: larger than capillaries

11. Varicose Veins Damaged Valves in Veins

13. Your Heart: The Vital Pump
At REST, the heart pumps about 5 QUARTS of blood a minute.
During EXTREME EXERTION (exercise) it can pump 40 quarts a minute.

14. Heart: Structure and Function
Keeps blood moving
Large organ composed of Cardiac muscle

15. Structure of Heart Four chambers Two upper (Atria) Right Atria
Left Atria
Two lower (Ventricles)
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle

17. Bloods Path Through the Heart
Both Atria fill at same time
Rt atrium receives oxygen POOR blood from body via the vena cavas
Left atrium receives oxygen RICH blood from lungs through four pulmonary veins
After filled with blood atria contract, pushing blood into ventricle

18. Both ventricles contract
Right ventricle contracts and pushes oxygen-poor blood toward lungs,
against gravity,
through pulmonary arteries

19. Bloods Path Through the Heart (cont)
Left ventricle contracts and forces oxygen rich blood
out of heart through
aorta (largest vessel)

21. Blood Clotting Section 37-2 Break in Capillary Wall
Blood vessels injured.
Clumping of Platelets
Platelets clump at the site and release thromboplastin. Thromboplastin converts prothrombin into thrombin..
Clot Forms
Thrombin converts fibrinogen into fibrin, which causes a clot. The clot prevents further loss of blood..

22. Blood Types Massive loss of blood requires a transfusion Four TypesAB O
Inherited from your parents

23. Blood Types

24. What happens when you mix blood types?
Plasma contains proteins that correspond to the shape of the different antigens
If you mix one type with the wrong one, you get CLUMPING
Type O is the universal donor
Type AB is the universal acceptor

25. What Makes Our Blood Type?

26. Blood Transfusions Blood Type of Donor Blood Type of Recipient
A B AB O A B AB O
Unsuccessful transfusion
Successful transfusion