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Section 4 Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins & Nucleic Acids

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Presentation on theme: "Section 4 Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins & Nucleic Acids"— Presentation transcript:

1 Section 4 Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins & Nucleic Acids
Chapter 6 Section 4 Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins & Nucleic Acids

2 Carbohydrates Composed of: In the following Ratio: Carbon Hydrogen
Oxygen In the following Ratio: 1 carbon, 2 Hydrogen, 1 Oxygen (CH2O)n Example – C6H12O6

3 Carbohydrates Values of n ranging from 3 to 7 are called: (CH2O)n
Monosaccharides or simple sugars Examples: Glucose Fructose Galactose

4 Carbohydrates Two monosaccharide's joined together form: Disaccharide
Example Sucrose Lactose Maltose

5 Carbohydrates Longer carbohydrate molecules are called:
Polysaccharides Examples: Glycogen Starch Cellulose

6 Carbohydrate Primary function An energy source for organisms
Short term energy storage Glycogen found in skeletal muscles and liver Structural support In plants cellulose helps to support the cell wall Cellulose is chains of glucose linked together Chitin in lobster, shrimp, crab & some insects Have a nitrogen based polysaccharide

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Carbohydrates Objectives: Ability to define the term biological chemicals Understand the structure & classification of carbohydrates Knowledge of the functions.

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Organic Molecules. Organic Compounds  Contain C and H  Often form long chains of carbon atoms linked by covalent bonds  Macromolecules = large organic.
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But what’s so special about Carbon? Carbon has 4 valence electrons Can readily form and break bonds Forms long chains Can form single, double, and triple.
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MACROMOLECULES. Four Types of Macromolecules 1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids 3. Proteins 4. Nucleic Acids.
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