1. Periodic Table
Look for blue circles: these will tell you how to color periodic table!!

2. History of the Periodic Table
Dmitri Mendeleev from Russia in 1869
He organized the elements by increasing atomic mass
Elements with similar properties were grouped together
Some discrepancies

3. Moseley
40 years after Mendeleev, Moseley arranged the elements by atomic number
This lead to the modern periodic table

4. Mendeleev and Moseley
The work of Mendeleev and Mosley led to the discovery of the periodic law
Periodic law: there are predictable patterns of physical and chemical properties when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number

6. Metallic Character
Metals
Nonmetals
Metalloids

7. Most Elements are Metals

8. Blocks
Main Group Elements
Transition Metals
Inner Transition Metals

9. Chemical Reactivity Alkali Metals Alkaline Earth Metals
Transition Metals
Halogens
Noble Gases

10. Columns
The vertical columns of the periodic table (there are 18) are called groups or families
Elements in the same group or family have similar properties or characteristics because they have the same number of valence electrons (electrons in outermost energy level)

11. Rows The horizontal rows on the period table are called periods.
Elements in a period do NOT have similar properties
Atomic number and atomic mass increase from left to right across a period

12. Metals Nonmetals Metalloids Shiny Malleable Ductile
Good conductors of heat and electricity
Most are solid at room temperature
Mostly dull
Brittle
Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Many are gases at room temperature
Varying ability to conduct electricity
Can be used to make semiconductors (materials that conduct electricity only under certain conditions)

13. Drawing Lewis Dot Structures
Count number of valence electrons.
Draw a dot to represent each valence electron.
Start on top and rotate clockwise.
Ex:

14. Alkali Metals Color these blue!!!
Located in Group I and have 1 valence electron
Physical properties
Soft, whitish-silver color
Low-density, conductive, malleable, solid at room temperature
Chemical properties
highly reactive, donate one electron when reacting

15. Alkali Metals

16. Draw Group 1 Lewis Dot Structures
Li =
Na =
K =
Rb =
Cs =
Fr =

17. Halogens Located in group 17 and have 7 valence electrons
Physical properties
Nonconductive, standard state of matter varies greatly
Chemical properties
Highly reactive, usually accept one electron when reacting
Color these pink!!

18. Halogens

19. Draw Group 17 (Halogens) Lewis Dot Structures
F = Cl = Br = I = At =

20. Noble gases
Located in group 18, have 8 valence electrons so they are stable
Physical properties
Gases at room temperature, nonconductive
Chemical properties
Nonreactive (chemically inert)
Color these orange!!

21. Noble Gases

22. Draw Group 18 (Noble Gases ) Lewis Dot Structures
He = Ne = Ar = Kr = Xe = Rn =

23. Alkaline earth metals Located in Group 2 and have 2 valence electrons
Physical properties
Grey-silver, conductive, malleable, solid at room temperature
Chemical properties
Reactive, donate two electrons when reacting
Color these red!!

24. Alkaline earth metals

25. Draw Group 2 (Alkaline Earth metals) Lewis Dot Structures-
Be = Mg = Ca = Sr = Ba = Ra =

26. Nonmetals Not able to conduct heat or electricity very well
Brittle, no metallic luster
Can exist in either solid (Carbon) or gas (Oxygen)
Color these green!!

27. Nonmetals

28. Draw Groups 14/15/16 (Non-Metals) Lewis Dot Structures-
O = S = Se = Te =
C =
Si =

29. Transition metals Located in groups 3-12 Physical properties
Color these yellow!!
Transition metals
Located in groups 3-12
Physical properties
Conductive, malleable, most are solid at room temp, ions often form colored aqueous solutions
Chemical properties
Reactivity varies, donates electrons when reacting

30. Transition Metals

31. Rare earth elements/ Inner transition metals
Color these yellow too!
Rare earth elements/ Inner transition metals
Located on the bottom (last two rows)
Most are man-made
Also known as Lanthanide and Actinide series

32. Rare Earth Metals

33. Other metals Malleable and ductile
Color these light blue!!
Malleable and ductile
Solid, relatively high density and opaque

34. Metalloids/Semi-conductors
Color these purple!!
Characteristics of both metals and nonmetals
Varying ability to conduct electricity
Some are semi-conductors (Silicon & Germanium). This means they can carry an electrical charge during certain conditions, this makes them useful in computers and calculators

35. Metalloids