1. Block 2 Study Guide Answers
Atom= Smallest particle of an element. Molecule= 2 or more atoms bonded together.
Properties tell us what could happen. Changes tell us what is happening.
Physical Prop= physical characteristics. Chem. prop= how could change chemically
Phys changes= change in appearance. Chem. changes= change in substance.
Phys changes= yes chem. changes= no
Solid, liquid, gas, plasma. Plasma=high energy, solid= low energy
Reactant= what goes in. Product= what comes out
Add energy= speeds up. Take energy= slows down
Graph tells us heat energy always changes, temperature stays the same during phase change.

2. Block 3 Study Guide Answers
Energy= Ability to do work or cause change. Wave= Transfer of energy. Medium= material wave travels through.
Amplitude and wavelength
See board
Transverse=light, Longitudinal= sound, surface= ocean wave.
Reflection= bouncing off of wave when it strikes a barrier. Refraction= bending of wave when entering a new medium.
Light
Conduction= pan touching a stove, convection= water in the pan, radiation= sunlight.

3. Block 4 Study Guide Answers
Mass= amount of matter in an object. Weight= measure of force of gravity on an object. Mass is constant, weight is not.
Gravity= force that pulls all objects towards it’s center. Towards the center.
Mass and distance. As mass increases, gravity increases. As distance increases, gravity decreases.
Potential energy= stored energy ready to be used. Kinetic energy= energy of movement.
Mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, electromagnetic, and nuclear
See board.

4. Block 5 Study Guide Answers
Force= A push or pull in a given direction. Machine= a device that helps make work easier by changing the size or direction (or both) of a force.
Inclined plane, wedge, screw, lever, wheel and axle, pulley, gear
Fulcrum= pivot point of a lever. 1st class= Input Fulcrum Output, 2nd class= Fulcrum Output Input, 3rd class= Fulcrum Input Output.
See board.
Mechanical Advantage= number of times a machine multiples the effort force. Effort arm /resistance arm.
A ramp. Length of incline / height of incline
Wedge= A moveable inclined plane, used for cutting. Screw= An inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.
A large cylinder connected to a small cylinder, that turn about the same point. Radius of the wheel / radius of the axle
A grooved wheel with a rope, belt, chain wrapped around for lifting. Count the number of sections of rope that support the load

5. Block 6 Study Guide Answers
Organism= a living thing. Species= a group of organisms that are able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Ecosystem= a community of organisms and their abiotic environment. Environment= all biotic and abiotic around an organism
Carrying capacity= how many organisms can an environment hold. Competition= fighting for limited resources.
Producer= makes food. Consumer= eats food. Decomposer= eats dead and waste.
reactants= co2 and h2o. Products= o2 and glucose
Reactants= o2 and glucose and ATP. Products= co2 and h2o
Food chain= energy pathway through series of organisms. Food web= many related food chains tied together
Predator eats the prey
Symbiosis=close longterm relationship between 2 different species. Mutualism, commensalism, parasitism. “faces”

6. Block 1 Study Guide Answers
Geology= Study of rock and minerals. Tells us Earth’s history.
Mineral= a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition. Crystal= a solid in which the atoms are arranged in a pattern that repeats
Rock= collection of minerals. Igneous= cooled molten rock. Sedimentary= sedimentation. Metamorphic= heat and pressure.
Intrusive= in the Earth, extrusive= on the surface.
Weather, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation
Fault= break in the rock layers, fold= bend in the rock layers.
Preserved record of dead organism. Turned to stone.
Oldest on the bottom layer. Youngest on top layer or cutting through other layers.