1. CELLULAR RESPIRATION = process that breaks down glucose to make ATP
occurs PLANT & ANIMAL cells
C6H12O O2
6CO H2O + ATP
1 glucose
6 oxygen
6 carbon dioxide
6 water

2. Glucose
Glycolysis
Oxygen present
No oxygen present
Aerobic Respiration
Fermentation

3. Makes 4 ATP; Uses 2 ATP……..NET TOTAL: 2 ATP
Glycolysis – breaking down glucose into pyruvic acid
occurs in cytoplasm
ANAEROBIC = does not require oxygen (can still occur if O2 present)
Makes 4 ATP; Uses 2 ATP……..NET TOTAL: 2 ATP

4. A. Aerobic Respiration = breaks down glucose to make ATP when O2 is available
occurs in MITOCHONDRIA
2 major stages (after glycolysis)

5. 1) Citric Acid Cycle (Kreb’s Cycle) – uses pyruvic acid (from glycolysis) to make ATP & CO2
occurs in MATRIX [space within mitochondria]
AEROBIC = requires oxygen
makes 2 ATP

6. 2) Electron Transport Chain (ETC) – Makes H2O & ATP from O2 and H+
Occurs in CRISTAE (inner membrane)
AEROBIC
makes 34 ATP

7. 38 ATP! ENERGY MADE FROM AEROBIC RESPIRATION: Glycolysis = 2 ATP
Citric Acid Cycle = 2 ATP
(Kreb’s Cycle)
ETC = 34 ATP
From 1 glucose
38 ATP!

8. Glucose Cytoplasm Mitochondrion
Glycolysis
Cytoplasm
Pyruvic acid
Electrons carried in NADH
Krebs Cycle
Electrons carried in NADH and FADH2
Electron Transport Chain
Mitochondrion

9. B. FERMENTATION (Anaerobic Respiration)
= breaks down glucose to make ATP when no O2 is available
begins after glycolysis

10. 2 major types:
1) Lactic acid fermentation –glucose breaks down to make lactic acid & CO2
makes 2 ATP (including glycolysis)

11. occurs in bacteria
[yogurt, cheese, etc.]
occurs in human muscle cells
[under heavy exercise, not enough O2 – lactic acid builds up in muscles & makes you sore]

12. 2) Ethyl alcohol fermentation –glucose breaks down to make ethyl alcohol & CO2
makes 2 ATP (including glycolysis)
occurs in yeast
[bread rises because CO2 bubbles formed in dough]