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Lecture 3 Section 1.4.1 – 1.4.2 Tue, Sep 5, 2006
What’s in the Bag? Lecture 3 Section – 1.4.2 Tue, Sep 5, 2006
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Two Bags -1000 10 20 30 40 60 1000 50 Bag A Bag B
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The Hypotheses H0: The shown bag is Bag A. H1: The shown bag is Bag B.
-1000 10 20 30 40 60 1000 50 Bag A Bag B
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Decisions and Errors It is Bag A It is Bag B Win $1890 Lose $560
(Type II) We decide it is Bag A Lose $560 (Type I) Win $1890 We decide it is Bag B
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Decision Rules Decision Rule
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Decision Rules Our contestant’s decision rule was to reject H0 if the bill was $1 or $5. For that rule, = 0.30 and = 0.30. What if his rule was to reject H0 only if he drew a $1 bill?
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Possible Decision Rules
Reject H0 if the voucher is worth either $60 or $1000, i.e., $60. What is ? What is ? -1000 10 20 30 40 60 1000 50 Bag A Bag B
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Rejection and Accepance Regions
Rejection Region Acceptance Region Critical Value The critical value itself will be included in the rejection region.
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Decision Rule #1 $60
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Decision Rule #1 $60 Critical Value
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Decision Rule #1 $60 Rejection Region Critical Value
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Decision Rule #1 $60 Rejection Region Acceptance Region Critical Value
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Compute Bag A -1000 10 20 30 40 50 60 1000 Bag B -1000 10 20 30 40 50 60 1000
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Compute Bag A -1000 10 20 30 40 50 60 1000 Bag B -1000 10 20 30 40 50 60 1000
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Compute Bag A -1000 10 20 30 40 50 60 1000 Bag B -1000 10 20 30 40 50 60 1000
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Compute = 1/20 = 0.05 Bag A Bag B -1000 10 20 30 40 50 60 1000
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Compute Bag A -1000 10 20 30 40 50 60 1000 Bag B -1000 10 20 30 40 50 60 1000
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Compute Bag A -1000 10 20 30 40 50 60 1000 Bag B -1000 10 20 30 40 50 60 1000
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Compute Bag A -1000 10 20 30 40 50 60 1000 Bag B -1000 10 20 30 40 50 60 1000
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Compute Bag A = 12/20 = 0.60 Bag B -1000 10 20 30 40 50 60 1000
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Extreme Values Direction of Extreme Most Extreme Value
Next-most Extreme Value, etc.
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Another Decision Rule Decision Rule #2
Reject H0 if the voucher is worth $50. What is ? What is ? -1000 10 20 30 40 60 1000 50 Bag A Bag B
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vs. If we decrease , we will increase , and
Is it possible to decrease both and at the same time?
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Two-Sided Rejection Regions
See Example 1.6, p. 26. Bag E Bag F 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
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