1. Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes
Solutions
Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes

2. Solutes and Ionic Charge
In water,
strong electrolytes produce ions and conduct an electric current
weak electrolytes produce a few ions
nonelectrolytes do not produce ions

3. Strong Electrolytes Strong electrolytes
dissociate in water, producing positive and negative ions
dissolved in water will conduct an electric current
in equations show the formation of ions in aqueous (aq) solutions
H2O % ions
NaCl(s) Na+(aq) + Cl(aq)
H2O
CaBr2(s) Ca2+(aq) + 2Br(aq)

4. Learning Check H2O A. CaCl2 (s) ? 1) CaCl2(s) 2) Ca2+(aq) + Cl2−(aq)
Complete each of the following equations for strong electrolytes dissolving in water.
H2O
A. CaCl2 (s) ?
1) CaCl2(s) ) Ca2+(aq) + Cl2−(aq)
3) Ca2+(aq) + 2Cl−(aq)
B. K3PO4 (s) ?
1) 3K+(aq) + PO43−(aq) ) K3PO4(s)
3) K3+(aq) + P3−(aq) + O4−(aq)

5. Solution H2O A. CaCl2 (s) ? 3) Ca2+(aq) + 2Cl−(aq) B. K3PO4 (s) ?
Complete each of the following equations for strong electrolytes dissolving in water.
H2O
A. CaCl2 (s) ?
3) Ca2+(aq) + 2Cl−(aq)
B. K3PO4 (s) ?
1) 3K+(aq) + PO43−(aq)

6. Weak Electrolytes A weak electrolyte
dissociates only slightly in water
in water forms a solution of a few ions and mostly undissociated molecules
HF(g) + H2O(l) H3O+(aq) + F(aq)
NH3(g) + H2O(l) NH4+(aq) + OH(aq)

7. Nonelectrolytes Nonelectrolytes dissolve as molecules in water
do not produce ions in water
do not conduct an electric current

8. Classification of Solutes in Aqueous Solutions