1. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Chapter 8 and 9

2. Topics Big questions : We will discuss: -How do plants get their food?
-How do you make energy?
-How do plants get their food?
We will discuss:
ATP
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis

3. ATP Energy currency of the cell
Adenosine Triphosphate = Adenine and three phosphates

4. ATP ATP holds energy between the phosphate bonds
How do you get the energy out of ATP?

5. ATP
When we take the phosphate off the molecules becomes ADP – Adenosine diphosphate
‘Di’ means 2!
How do we make ATP?

6. Cellular Respiration -Occurs in ALL living things, ALL the time

7. Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the process that cells use to make ATP, or energy
So what do we need to make energy?
Food – glucose (C6H12O6)
Oxygen – We ALWAYS need oxygen

8. Cellular Respiration Glucose + Oxygen =
Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy

9. Cellular Respiration Remember: We need oxygen and food to make energy!
Inhale: Oxygen (O2)
Exhale: Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

10. Cellular Respiration There are two types of respiration:
Aerobic – Requires oxygen
Anaerobic – does not require oxygen
Do you think you make more energy with or without oxygen?

11. Cellular Respiration
There are three steps to cellular (aerobic) respiration-
Glycolysis (2 ATP)
Krebs cycle (2 ATP)
Electron transport chain (32 ATP)

12. Energy made in Cellular respiration
Cellular Respiration makes ATP
Occurs in the mitochondria of the cell
*Remember this is WITH OXYGEN

13. What happens when we don’t have oxygen?
Cellular Respiration
What happens when we don’t have oxygen?
Fermentation!
2 types
Makes 2 ATP

14. Fermentation
1. Lactic Acid – happens in animal cell, produces lactic acid (sore muscles)
2. Alcoholic Fermentation – happens in yeast cells, produces ethanol and carbon dioxide (Make beer and wine)

15. Video Clip Q

16. Photosynthesis

17. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process that plants use to turn light energy into food
What do plants need?
Photosynthesis equation
Light + CO2 + H2O O2 + Glucose

18. Photosynthesis Where is the plant do you think this occurs?
Leaves
Where in the leaf does this occur?
Palisade mesophyll
Where in the cell does this occur?
Chloroplast

19. Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is the substance in the leaf that absorbs the light?
Why is chlorophyll green?
Absorbs all colors except green
Reflects the color green

20. Unit Vocabulary Autotroph: an organism that can make their own food
Ex/Tree, flower, plant
Heterotroph: Organism that must get food from elsewhere. Can not make their own food
Ex/ animals, people

21. Photosynthesis Occurs during the day when the sun is out
Autotrophs use photosynthesis
Then Cellular respiration is used to break down the energy made
1% of solar energy that reaches the earth is used in photosynthesis

22. Photosynthesis Stages
Light reaction (light dependent)
Requires light – light helps makes ATP
In the thylakoid membrane (inside chloroplast)

23. Photosynthesis Stages
Dark reaction (light independent/Calvin cycle)
Does not require light
In the stoma (inside chloroplast)
ATP (from lights rxns) is used to convert CO2 to sugar

25. Photosynthesis and Respiration
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration connected? One’s reactants are the other’s products!
Light + CO2 + H2O O2 + Glucose
Glucose +O CO2 + H2O + ATP

26. Video clip Song: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=65qBlnUTO3k