1. JOURNAL #1
Billy conducted an experiment to determine how quickly ice melts at certain temperatures. It took 24 minutes to melt a cube of ice at 45°F, 21 minutes to melt a cube at 55°F, 22 minutes to melt at 60°F, 19 minutes to melt at 70°F, 14 minutes to melt at 75°F, 12 minutes to melt at 80°F, 8 minutes to melt at 85°F, and 5 minutes at 90°F. Create a data table showing this information.

2. CHECK LIST FOR SETTING UP YOUR TABLE
Science Methods
CHECK LIST FOR SETTING UP YOUR TABLE
Independent Variable to the left
Dependent Variable to the right
Make sure it has a title & column headings
Make sure units are displayed

3. Time to Melt ICE CUBE 45°F 24 min 55°F 21 min 60°F 22 min 70°F 19 min
Temperature
Time to Melt
45°F
24 min
55°F
21 min
60°F
22 min
70°F
19 min
75°F
14 min
80°F
12 min
85°F
8 min
90°F
5 min

4. Science Methods
NOTES

5. WHAT IS SCIENCE?
The word SCIENCE comes from the Latin word “scientia” which means to know
The word SCIENCE describes more than just pure knowledge though.
In science, the process is very important!!!
SCIENCE is the quest to determine what details are factual and true about the universe.

6. TYPES OF SCIENCE
Science can be divided into 2 major branches:
PHYSICAL SCIENCE includes physics, chemistry, geology, & astronomy as well as many other more specific branches such as optics, meteorology, & paleontology.
LIFE SCIENCE is called biology and can be divided into the major branches zoology, botany, ecology, and genetics.

7. EARTH & SPACE SCIENCE METEOROLOGY – the study of weather & climate
EARTH SCIENCE, known as geology, has a number of more specific branches such as:
METEOROLOGY – the study of weather & climate
PALEONTOLOGY – the study of prehistoric life
SEISMOLOGY – the study of earthquakes & seismic activity
SPACE SCIENCE is known as astronomy, but some scientists may have expertise in certain areas such as astrophysics & planetary science

8. The SCIENTIFIC Process
Accepted scientific fact is achieved by a process called the scientific method.
Scientists use this process to discover scientific fact (or modify currently accepted scientific knowledge)
Scientists use their prior knowledge to make observations and inferences.

9. The Scientific Method
The scientific method is basically only accepting ideas as scientific fact after they have been supported experimentally.
Scientific truth is only that which can be demonstrated to be true.

10. Steps in scientific Method
There is not necessarily an exact ordered series of events that occur, but more than likely this is the sequence of events:
Determine a problem
Form a hypothesis
Test the hypothesis
Draw conclusions

11. DETERMINE THE PROBLEM Form a Hypothesis
Determine the problem and research details about this problem:
Form a Hypothesis
Try to determine a logical solution to the problem. This solution should be able to be tested to determine its validity.

12. Test the Hypothesis Draw Conclusions
Experimenting and demonstrating the success (or failure) of the hypothesis is core of the scientific method. Scientific fact is true because it is supported by actual experimentation.
Draw Conclusions
Analyze your experiment and determine whether or not your hypothesis was supported.

13. Experiments
An experiment is an organized procedure for testing a hypothesis.
A good experiment should include methods for measuring data .
A well designed experiment can be repeated over and over again to produce reliable results.

14. PRACTICE with Graphs
Grasping Graphing Review WS D R Y
M I X

15. PRACTICE with Graphs Grasping Graphing Review WS Dependent Responding
Y-Axis
Manipulated Independent X-axis

16. PRACTICE with Graphs
SAMPLES

17. PRACTICE with Graphs
SAMPLES

18. PRACTICE with Graphs
SAMPLE LINE GRAPHS

19. PRACTICE with Graphs
SAMPLE LINE GRAPHS

20. PRACTICE with Graphs
SAMPLE BAR GRAPHS

21. PRACTICE with Graphs
SAMPLE BAR GRAPHS

22. PICK YOUR PRACTICE Grasping Graphing Activity
PACKET p.4 “Types of Science”
PACKET p.5 “Identifying Variables”
PACKET p.6 “Identifying Variables & Constants”
FINISH m&m melting LAB

23. TURN to your Journal Pages in the back of your packet

24. JOURNAL #2
A.) Read the following study done by a toy company.
B.) Create a data table of the info on the left side.
C.) Create a graph of the info on the right.
Samples of a particular toy were given to children on three different days. They recorded how long each child played with the toy each day. The time played are list in order of each day. Johnny played 45 minutes the first day, 41 the second day, & 27 on the third. Joey played 55 min, 39 min, & 17 min. Ben played 22 min, 24 min, & 11 min. Sara played 18 min, 16 min, & 10 min. Julie played 12 min, 6 min, & 4 min. Finally, Billy played 58 min, 49 min, & 32 min.

25. REVIEW QUESTIONS
READY YOUR REMOTE

26. What do scientists call the factors that could change in an experiment?
constants
numerals
variables
hypothesis
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

27. What do you call a variable that does not change in an experiment?
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Controlled Variable
Responding Variable
Identified Variable
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

28. What do you call a variable that is intentionally changed by the experimenter to see its effect?
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Controlled Variable
Responding Variable
Identified Variable
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

29. What do you call a variable that changes as a response to another variable’s change?
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Controlled Variable
Manipulated Variable
Identified Variable
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

30. Controlled Experiments
In an experiment, some factors can change. The factors that could possibly change are called variables.
In a controlled experiment, only one variable should be changed by the experimenter at a time.

31. Independent Variable
The independent variable is the variable that the scientist intentionally changes in order to observe its effect.
It is also often called the manipulated variable or the experimental variable.

32. Dependent Variable
The dependent variable is the variable that responds to a change in the independent variable.
It is also known as the responding variable or outcome.

33. Controlled Variables
In an experiment, it is essential that there only be one variable changed at a time. All other variables should be unchanged.
These variables are called constants or controlled variables.

34. Experiments
Sometimes groups of test subjects are subjected to an experiment.
The experimental group is subjected to the independent variable
The control group is not subjected to the independent variable. Conditions on the test subjects are unchanged or normal.

35. REVIEW QUESTIONS
READY YOUR REMOTE

36. What do you call a variable that changes as a response to another variable’s change?
Independent Variable
Identified Variable
Controlled Variable
Manipulated Variable
Dependent Variable
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

37. What do you call a variable that is intentionally changed by the experimenter to see its effect?
Identified Variable
Dependent Variable
Controlled Variable
Responding Variable
Independent Variable
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

38. What do you call a variable that does not change in an experiment?
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Controlled Variable
Responding Variable
Identified Variable
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

39. [Enter question here] [Option 1] [Option 2] [Option 3] [Option 4]
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

40. REVIEW QUESTIONS Richard Feynman on Scientific Method
Complete pages 7-9 in your Packet
READY YOUR REMOTE

41. What do you call a variable that changes as a response to another variable’s change?
Independent Variable
Identified Variable
Controlled Variable
Manipulated Variable
Dependent Variable
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

42. What do you call a variable that is intentionally changed by the experimenter to see its effect?
Identified Variable
Dependent Variable
Controlled Variable
Responding Variable
Independent Variable
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

43. What do you call a variable that does not change in an experiment?
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Controlled Variable
Responding Variable
Identified Variable
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

44. A flock of geese in the pond Samples of pure water
A scientist wants to test if a pond is being polluted. What would be an example of a good control group?
Polluted pond water
A flock of geese in the pond
Samples of pure water
A flock of geese flying overhead
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

45. A scientist wants to test if dogs on steroids run faster
A scientist wants to test if dogs on steroids run faster. What would be the independent variable in this experiment?
Type of dog
Running speed of dog
Steroids injected
Running speed of human
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

46. A scientist wants to test if dogs on steroids run faster
A scientist wants to test if dogs on steroids run faster. What would be the dependent variable in this experiment?
Type of dog
Running speed of dog
Steroids injected
Running speed of human
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

47. Dogs injected with steroids
A scientist wants to test if dogs on steroids run faster. What would be a good control group in this experiment?
Dogs injected with steroids
The dogs before being injected with steroids
Smaller dogs not injected with steroids
Humans on steroids
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

48. Observations & INFERENCES
An observation is noticed by one’s senses
An inference is a reasonable conclusion or explanation for one’s observation
An inference may be a logical assumption but might not always be correct.
Example:
OBSERVATION: Reptiles are cold-blooded.
INFERENCE: Dinosaurs were cold-blooded.

49. Hypotheses & Theories Inferences VIDEO CLIP - JOURNAL#3
Complete page 10 of your packet
Return your Remote
Discuss your Project
Complete Graphing Practice WS & Draw Graphs

50. REVIEW QUESTIONS Richard Feynman on Scientific Method
Complete pages 7-9 in your Packet
RETURN YOUR REMOTE

51. REVIEW QUESTIONS
READY YOUR REMOTE

52. What do you call a variable that is was changed by the experimenter to see its effect?
Identified Variable
Independent Variable
Controlled Variable
Responding Variable
Dependent Variable
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

53. Science MethodS Scientific Method Project TOPIC signup
Science Methods Quiz
Questions on p.8-9?
Review p.10

54. Notes
Turn to page 3 of your notes.

55. Hypotheses & Theories
A hypothesis is an educated guess that can be tested experimentally.
The word “theory” comes from a Greek word that means contemplation.
A theory is a set of ideas that attempts to explain a number of observations, experiments & inferences

56. Scientific Theories & LAWS
Both scientific theories & laws are produced from the formation & testing of hypotheses.
Scientific laws are descriptive accounts of how nature will ALWAYS behave under specific conditions
Theories try to describe and merge many different ideas about the natural world. It may be difficult to successfully test and prove all these ideas

57. Hypothesis, Theory, & Law Identification
Identify each statement as a hypothesis, theory, or law.

58. An object at rest stays at rest unless an unbalanced force acts upon it.
Hypothesis
Theory
Law
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

59. You think that dogs are smarter than cats.
Hypothesis
Theory
Law
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

60. Matter can not be created, nor destroyed.
Hypothesis
Theory
Law
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

61. Earthquakes are caused by the movement of giant tectonic plates on the earth’s surface
Hypothesis
Theory
Law
[Default]
[MC Any]
[MC All]

62. JOURNAL#4 1.) Types of Science 2.) The Scientific Method
Think about what we’ve studied in this unit.
Which of the following areas do feel you know well?
In which areas do you feel you need more practice?
1.) Types of Science
2.) The Scientific Method
3.) Identifying the Variables in an Experiment
4.) The difference between Inferences, Hypotheses, Theories, & Laws?

63. REVIEW QUESTIONS Complete p.10 “FBHTL” RETURN YOUR REMOTE
Test Tomorrow
(Completed Science Methods Packet Due)
Science Methods Jeopardy