1. Rickets
A disease that causes the bones to soften & sometimes deformity
Mostly caused by vitamin deficiencies!

2. The Skeletal System

3. The Human Skeletal System
The longest bone in the human body is the femur. It makes up almost ¼ of your total height. The smallest bone in the body is the stirrup, found in the inner ear. It’s hardly bigger than a grain of rice!

4. Human Skeletal System
Cranium (skull)
Mandible

5. Human Skeletal System

6. Human Skeletal System

7. Human Skeletal System

8. The Human Skeletal System
The axial skeleton is the central part of the skeleton used to protect vital organs such as the brain, heart, & lungs.
The appendicular skeleton is used for movement & includes the pectoral & pelvic girdle & the extremities attached to them.

9. The Skull
Axial
Appendicular

10. Your Legs
Axial
Appendicular

11. The Human Skeletal System
Framework & support
Protection
Storage of minerals (like calcium)
Movement
Production of blood cells (in the bone marrow)

12. Tissues of the Skeletal System
Connective Tissue: tendons & ligaments
Cartilage: made of protein fibers
Bone: formed during “ossification” when cartilage hardens

13. Did you know?
After death, cartilage rots faster than bones. This is why skulls of skeletons have no nose or ears!

14. Where are blood cells made?
Connective Tissue
Cartilage
Bone Marrow

15. Long bones contain spongy bone tissue at the end!
A solid network of living cells & protein fibers that are surrounded by deposits of calcium salts
Long bones contain spongy bone tissue at the end!

16. Spongy Tissue The ends of the bone is where force is applied
Spongy bone tissue adds strength without adding mass.

17. Bone Marrow Soft tissue that fills the cavities of bones
Red Bone Marrow
Yellow Bone Marrow

18. Red vs. Yellow Bone Marrow
Red bone marrow produces most of the body’s blood cells.
Yellow bone marrow is primarily used for fat storage.
From birth until about the age of 7, all bone marrow is red. After that, fatty tissue gradually replaces it & it becomes yellow bone marrow.

19. Cells Produced in the Red Bone Marrow
Red Blood Cells: carry oxygen
Some White Blood Cells: killer T cells & B cells
Platelets: help with blood clotting

20. Joints Where one bone attaches to another Immovable Joints (fixed)
Example: bones in skull
Slightly Moveable Joints
Example: joints between vertebrae
Freely Moveable Joints
Examples: shoulders, knees, elbows, hands

22. Which of the following is an example of a saddle joint?
Knee
Shoulder
Neck
Wrist

23. Connective Tissues
Tendons: connective tissues that join muscle to bone
Ligaments: connective tissues that hold bones together at a joint

24. Ligaments connect Muscle to muscle Cartilage to bone Bone to bone
Muscle to bone