1. Putting the Constitution to Work for America
Articles 4-7
Putting the Constitution to Work for America

2. Article IV: State Relations
States must respect the laws of the other states.
Section 1: States must honor the laws, records, and court decisions of other states. (In other words, people can’t get away from punishment just by leaving the state.)
Section 2: If you are a citizen of any one state in the union, you have all the rights and privileges that are entitled to all American citizens. However, if a person has been charged with a crime in one state and leaves that state trying to get out of punishment, the state has the right to have that person returned (extradited).

3. Article IV: State Relations (Continued)
Section 3:
Admission of states: Congress admits new states into the union. If a state wants to be added as a junction of two or more states (or parts of states), this must be approved by the legislatures of the states involved and by Congress.
Congressional Authority: Congress can make any rules necessary regarding US property or territory, but no state can be given favoritism over another.
Section 4: The US protects the states’ republican form of government. The US also protects the states from invasion and from domestic violence.

4. 1st Period 3rd Period 4th Period
Article V : Amendments
CE-Notes 54-56
How changes are made to the Constitution
Major Supreme Court Cases
1st Period
3rd Period
4th Period

5. Do Now: Week 5 Watching “Gone With the Wind”
Monday:
Who was at the top of the social structure in the South at the time of the Civil War?
What was so important to the South that they felt the need to fight for their rights about it?
What is the name of the type of farmer that would have 5 or less slaves and would only farm for his own well-being?
Tuesday: (About the movie)
What was the name of the general who marched through Atlanta burning everything in his path?
What did the southerners call people from the North who had come there to make money after the Civil War?
The period of time after the Civil War when the South is trying to enter back into the Union and get back on its feet is called Reconstruction. During this time, Union forces were placed in the South. Why do you think this was necessary?
Read QUIETLY for the rest of your 10 minutes.

6. CE Notes 19-20
Constitutional
Amendments!

7. Objectives SWBAT describe how the Constitution can be changed.
SWBAT explain the meaning behind the changes to the Constitution after the Bill of Rights (Amendments 11-27)

8. VOTE 2.04 NC Standard
2.04 Describe how the United States Constitution may be changed and analyze the impact of specific changes.

9. RAP 54
What is the name for the first 10 Amendments to the Constitution?
What does it mean to be “flexible?”
To amend means to __________ the Constitution.
Constitutional flexibility means that the Constitution can be changed (Amended) so it continues to reflect the will of the people.

10. Notes 54
During this section, ask yourself ”What is the main Constitutional Principle of Article 5?”
Article V: Amending the Constitution:
Proposal of Amendment will be by a 2/3 vote of each house of Congress or by 2/3 states’ legislatures calling for a convention.
For ratification of the proposed amendment, 3/4 of state legislatures or conventions of states must vote for it to become part of the Constitution.

11. How to Amend the Constitution:
Notes 53
The process for amending the Constitution is stated in Article V (5) of the US Constitution:
To PROPOSE an Amendment:
By 2/3 vote in both the House and the Senate
2/3
2/3

12. OR
2/3 state legislatures call for a convention to propose the amendment

13. Pg. 53 To RATIFY an Amendment:
FYI:
That would mean at least 38 out of 50 States would have to approve the Amendment (either by legislatures or by conventions) for the Constitution to be changed.
¾ of the state legislatures OR
Conventions in ¾ of the states

14. Sooo….Does it become an amendment if… (yes or no)
Only 1/3 of the House and 1/3 of the Senate vote to propose the Amendment?______
2/3 of the House proposes the Amendment, but only 1/3 of the Senate votes to propose an Amendment? ______
2/3 of the House and Senate propose, but only ¼ of the state legislatures ratify?____
2/3 of the House and Senate propose and ¾ of the state legislatures ratify?_____
2/3 of the House and Senate ratify and the President signs the Amendment?____
1st got to here

15. CE Notes Page 55: Fill in the Amendment chart
AMENDMENTS
Amendment 11: Supreme court will hear law suits between states
Amendment 12: If there is a tie in the electoral college the House picks the President and the Senate picks the VP.

16. Notes 55 Amendments 13-15 were ratified following the Civil War
Amendment 13: Ends Slavery
Amendment 14: Gives all citizens “Equal Protection Under the Laws,” this is later used to end segregation.
Amendment 15: Gives ALL Men the right to vote “Suffrage”, even former slaves.

17. Notes 55 Amendment 16: Congress can collect the Income Tax
Amendment 17: Senators will now be elected by people in each state and NOT by the state legislatures
Amendment 18: Prohibition/Volstead Act--Prohibits the sale or use of Alcohol
Amendment 19: Women’s Suffrage (get the right to vote in 1920)

18. Notes 55
Amendment 20: Moves up the Presidential inauguration Jan 20 instead of March.
Amendment 21: Repeals the 18th Amendment and allows the sale and consumption of alcohol.
Amendment 22: Presidents can only serve 2 terms in office (Max 10 yrs)
Amendment 23: Washington DC now gets to have 3 representatives/Electors in the Electoral College.

19. Notes 55
Amendment 24: Prohibits the use of a poll tax (tax you have to pay to vote)
Amendment 25: Presidential succession: If the president dies, the vice president becomes president.
Amendment 26: Makes 18 the national voting age
Amendment 27: Prevents Congress from raising its pay before the end of their term.
If they raise their pay, it only goes into effect after an election.

20. ______ Amendment Equal protection under the law
Everyone must be treated equally
Everyone is a citizen of the US
Applied the Bill of Rights to the States

21. ________Amendment
Women gain suffrage (right to vote)

22. _________Amendment
All citizens 18 years of age and older have the right to vote

23. _________ Amendment No poll taxes
Cannot be forced to pay a fee in order to vote

24. ________Amendment
Ended slavery in the United States

25. _______Amendment
Cannot be denied the right to vote based on race, or previous condition of servitude
All men can vote

26. Amendment Charades You will draw 2-3 Amendments out of the bag.
You will have 5 min with your group to plan your Act.
You will have 30 seconds to perform your act.
If do a particularly good job you will earn a reward.
The other teams will guess. Points are given to teams when they guess correctly.
3rd got to here

27. MSL Practice
Which Amendment was NOT ratified following the Civil War to improve the treatment of slaves? 13 14 12 15

28. MSL Practice Which of the following Amendments gave women suffrage?

29. MSL Practice
Which of the following most accurately describes the process required for Amending the Constitution?
2/3 of Legislature proposes the Amendment which then must be ratified by 3/4 of the states
President proposes and the Legislature ratifies the amendment
Supreme court proposes and 2/3 of the Legislature ratify the Amendment
3/4 of the states propose an amendment which then must be ratified by a 2/3 vote in the Legislature

30. Make Your Own Flash Cards:
Now, make five flash cards with multiple choice questions of your own on them.
Instructions are on page 10A in Class Information.
Create questions about the amendments we just learned. Try to incorporate all 17 amendments in these 5 questions in some way.

31. CE Notes 56 RAP Article 6: National Supremacy
North Carolina did not ratify the 19th Amendment until 1971 even though the amendment was passed by the United States in If NC didn’t sign it, were women in NC allowed to vote? Why/why not?
If North Carolina tried to force you to give up all your guns, would you be able to do anything about it? Explain and defend your answer.

32. Article VI : National Supremacy
The federal government is responsible for the debts and obligations created by the Constitution, and representatives and officers of the United States are bound by oath to support this constitution. However, no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any public office under the US.
Clause 2: The “Supremacy Clause”: If there is a conflict between state and federal law, the US Constitution and other federal laws are the “supreme law of the Land.”
In essence, if there is a conflict between the Federal Government and the states, the Federal Government (the Constitution) will win out. (Supremacy Clause)

33. PIT 56-59 Read the Article about Federalism.
Answer the questions that follow.

34. RAP 60 Article 7: Ratifying the Constitution
How easy do you think it would be to get America to sign on to a revised constitution today?
We have already discussed constitutional compromises. Which was the last one made, and why was it necessary?
How many states had to agree to a change in the Articles of Confederation?
What do you think would be the next step after getting the Philadelphia Convention to pass the new constitution?

35. Article VII : Ratification
At the end of any constitution, the way to achieve ratification for the document is described.
For the U.S. Constitution, article VII states that 9 of the 13 states had to sign for the Constitution to be ratified.

36. Article VII: Ratification: 9 out of 13 states must ratify the Constitution for it to become our new Constitution.
The Articles of Confederation called for a vote of nine states in order to pass an amendment. But this was no amendment; it was a whole new constitution. The delegates to the convention had to decide whether to take this straight to the states (which would not have been according to the law) or to take it to Congress to ask them to endorse it and send it out to the states.
They took it to Congress hoping for an endorsement from them before sending it to the states. This endorsement did not happen, but the Philadelphia Convention was allowed to send the proposed Constitution out to the states for the people to decide in specially called ratifying conventions.

37. PIT 61 Let the Campaign Begin!
One of the favorite campaign pieces from the pro-Constitutional side was the publication in Boston of the 1788 "Federal Calendar." On the front of the calendar is a "Federal Chariot," and in the chariot are George Washington and Benjamin Franklin. Talk about name recognition and endorsement. And then there are these thirteen horses (states) pulling the chariot on the ratification road. This became a collector's item as well as enabling Americans to follow the progress toward ratification.

38. What’s the purpose of this picture?

39. PIT 61: The Federal Chariot
State in your own words the significance of this publication to the ratification campaign. What kind of impact do you think it would have on people who were opposed to the new constitution? On people who weren’t sure? What about people who were already for the constitution?

40. PIT 62: Federalists v. Anti-Federalists
Let’s take a look at the timeline of the Constitution’s ratification.
Make note of the states who signed first and last.
There were some key “battle ground” states where the biggest part of the constitutional debate took place. How and when were those won and what kind of effect did their debates have on the rest of the country?

41. Constitutional Campaign Pieces
Pennsylvania: (2nd to Ratify, but with a large minority against the Constitution.)
James’ Wilson’s State House Speech (October 6, 1787)
A Foreign Spectator
Fabius
Pennsylvania Minority Report
The “Centinel Antifederalist” Essays

42. Constitutional Campaign Pieces
Virginia: 10th to ratify
Federall Farmer
New York: 11th to ratify
The Federalist Papers
Brutus and Cato Antifederalist Papers (published in New York Journal)
Also Curtius and Cincinnatus Antifederalist
And Federal Farmer made its way to NY

43. Do Now (Week 7)
Monday:
Which amendment solved the problem of having a tie for the President?
Which amendment extended the Bill of Rights to the states?
Which amendment provided for government revenue from individual income tax?