1. Did America Borrow the idea for our Government?
Some thoughts about early governments

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What is a government?
The leadership or institution who run a state. They make and enforce public policy.
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3. What is a state? (Michigan Isn’t a State? Ms. Moroz has lost her mind)
A body of people who live in a certain territory
They have a government that has the power to make and enforce laws without consenting to a higher authority (In other words sovereignty)
4 Characteristics: Sovereignty, Population, Territory and Government
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Definitions
Institution: An organization or association that has been around for a long time that has certain duties to society.
Politics: A struggle for power that gives a person or people the ability to make decisions for a society.
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Political Ideas
Force Theory-One person or a small group takes power, all elements of a state are present
Evolutionary Theory-You are born into power
Divine Right Theory-God gave you the right to rule
Social Contract Theory-People within a society held to certain rules to maintain order
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John Locke
Uses the idea of natural rights (Life, Liberty and Property)
In 1690 writes Two Treatises of Government
Social Contract-agreement between the people and their government
To fulfill these needs government has 4 purposes
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7. Four purposes of Government
Maintain Social Order
Provide Public Services
Provide Security & Defense
Provide for the Economy
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The Code of Hammurabi
Approx BC, Hammurabi was the King of Babylonia
It was to create a series of uniform laws for administrators to use to decide on disputes
We remember it today when we say “An eye for an eye”
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What is a Republic?
It relies on Popular sovereignty (power in the hands of the people), a government controlled by the people and their representatives
The original model of this was in the Greek society, and was created by Aristotle
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10. Ancient Greece Democracy
Every citizen participated in government
Each citizen had rights (ex. trial by jury)
Women, slaves and foreigners were not citizens
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11. Ancient Greece-The Acropolis
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Plato’s Republic
The main purpose of government is to promote public good
The Rule of Law
Democracy
Tyranny is illegitimate
Force-Any man who uses force to get and keep political power is a tyrant and his authority is illegitimate
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Aristotle’s Politics
The main purpose of government is to promote public good-ensure the happiness of its people
Democracy- “The basis of a democratic state is liberty.”
The Rule of Law
Tyranny is Illegitimate
Revolution-Class warfare, there should be a balance between rich and poor
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Ancient Rome Republic
There was no king
There were two branches of government
Executive
Legislative
Citizenship
Roman citizens had individual rights
Slaves, foreigners and women were not citizens
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Roman Republic
A Republic has no king and has a representative democracy
A constitution-fundamental principles
Tripartite government-3 parts
Executive: 2 Consuls
½ Legislative: Roman Senate
½ Legislative: Assembly
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Roman Senate Building
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Roman Republic
Balance of power
Prevents rise of a tyrant
Citizen
Equal protection under the law
Rights
Duties
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18. Judeo-Christian Ethic
What does religion have to do with politics?
Ethic=A system of moral standards
Certain ideas are shared between Jewish and Christian people
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19. The moral and ethical traditions of Western Civilizations
The individual-everyone in important (ex. respect each other)
Free Will-lead a moral life, be responsible for your actions, choose between right and wrong and ask your conscience
The Rule of Law-everyone follows God’s laws (yes, even the King)
The Ruler-the King is not divine, has a moral and ethical responsibility and everyone has duties and responsibilities to each other
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