1. Learning Intention: 8.LS4.5
Science
8th Grade
Notes: Standard 13
Learning Intention: 8.LS4.5
Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the technologies that have changed the way humans use artificial selection to influence the inheritance of desired traits in other organisms.
Terms to Investigate
artificial selection, inheritance, traits, and organisms
Crosscutting Concepts
Structure and Function, Cause and Effect
Success Criteria/I Can Statement
By the end of this unit I will be able to say...
...I can explain how humans use artificial selection.

2. What traits were selected for with these three animals?
Science
8th Grade
Notes: Standard 13
Selection
...process where traits are selected for or against resulting
in these traits becoming more or less abundant.
Natural Selection
...nature (not humans) “selects” the traits that are best fit for surviving and/or thriving in a specific environment.
Artificial Selection
...the process by which humans breed (select) certain organisms
in order to produce desirable traits in the offspring.
A.K.A. selective breeding
What traits were selected for with these three animals?

3. Artificial Selection/Selective Breeding Example: Plant (Wild Mustard)
Science
8th Grade
Notes: Standard 13
Artificial Selection/Selective Breeding
Example: Plant (Wild Mustard)

4. Artificial Selection/Selective Breeding Example: Animal (Cows)
Science
8th Grade
Notes: Standard 13
Artificial Selection/Selective Breeding
Example: Animal (Cows)
Aurochs
Holstein
TX Longhorn
European Oxen

5. Artificial Selection/Selective Breeding
Example: Plant (Wheat and Corn)
Science
8th Grade
Notes: Standard 13
Wheat
Corn

6. Artificial Selection Methods Advantages? Disadvantages?
Science
8th Grade
Notes: Standard 13
Artificial Selection Methods
Inbreeding: production of offspring from mating/breeding parents that are genetically closely related.
Advantages? Disadvantages?
Inbred organisms are also called “Purebreds”

7. Artificial Selection Methods
Science
8th Grade
Notes: Standard 13
Artificial Selection Methods
Hybridization: hybrids are produced from the mating of genetically differentiated parents.
Advantages? Disadvantages?
Liger
Zebroid
Zebroid: Hybrid cross from a male zebra and a female horse.
Liger: Hybrid cross from a male lion and a female tiger.

8. Artificial Selection Methods Advantages? Disadvantages?
Science
8th Grade
Notes: Standard 13
Artificial Selection Methods
Cloning: refers to the process of creating clones (copies) of organisms that have exactly the same genes as the organisms from which they are produced.
Advantages? Disadvantages?
Dolly the Sheep- 1996

9. Advantages? Disadvantages?
Genetic Engineering: Genes from one organism are transferred into the DNA of another organism. (Includes gene therapy.)
Science
8th Grade
Notes: Standard 13
Advantages? Disadvantages?
Glofish- Glow in the Dark fish have been inserted with a bioluminescent gene.

10. Other Artificial Selection Methods Video (5:05): Selective Breeding
Science
8th Grade
Notes: Standard 13
Other Artificial Selection Methods
Linebreeding: is a type of inbreeding where offspring are produced from mating/breeding with closely related genetic lines.
Advantages? Disadvantages?
Outcrossing: production of offspring from parents that are not closely genetically related.
Advantages? Disadvantages?
Inducing Mutations: since mutations are an ultimate source of genetic diversity, sometimes breeders will induce mutations in order to increase diversity in a population.
Advantages? Disadvantages?
Video (5:05): Selective Breeding

11. Science
8th Grade
Notes: Standard 13

12. Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13.

13. Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13.

14. Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13.

15. Science
8th Grade
Notes: Standard 13