1. CAMERA MOVEMENTS

2. Panning – camera moves on its own axis horizontally to describe a place or follow an action. Considered cost effective and artistic.  

3. Tilt up – camera moves vertically up on its own axis to focus in on items like posts, buildings or other high objects.

4. Tilt down. camera moves vertically down on its own axis to show things that are lower such as a person on a street viewed from a balcony.  

5. Straight shot – Camera is fixed and pointed directly at the subject. The effect is to show something as smaller or someone as vulnerable.
High angle shot – camera is fixed and focused on an object below. It serves to show superiority or power.

6. OTHER MOVEMENTS
Movement of camera from left to right – horizontal movement
Movement of camera from front to back – vertical movement
Movement of camera on rails, wagon or cart – on a dolly
When the camera is mounted on the cameraman’s shoulder – shoulder-mounted or hand-held

7. LENS MOVEMENTS Zoom in – sensation of getting closer
Zoom out – sensation of getting farther away

8. EFFECTS
Outside voice – indicates that the person speaking does not appear in the shot
Subjective camera – Simulates the field of vision of the subject – what he is seeing.
Black out – black screen appears. Used to separate scenes.
Fade out – progressive darkening of the image until it is completely black.
Fade in – starting dark, the images appears gradually
Dissolve – the image disappears little by little until it gradually becomes another image
Flashback – Simulates a memory of past events by using fuzzy, blurry images or black and white.
Editing – The joining of images to simulate continuity
Montage or parallel take—Joins two scenes, alternating between the two.