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Marion Wiegele, Peter Marhofer, Per-Arne Lönnqvist 

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Presentation on theme: "Marion Wiegele, Peter Marhofer, Per-Arne Lönnqvist "— Presentation transcript:

1 Caudal epidural blocks in paediatric patients: a review and practical considerations 
Marion Wiegele, Peter Marhofer, Per-Arne Lönnqvist  British Journal of Anaesthesia  Volume 122, Issue 4, Pages (April 2019) DOI: /j.bja Copyright © 2019 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

2 Fig 1 A transverse ultrasound view illustrating the sacrococcygeal ligament (upward arrow) and the two sacral cornua (two downward arrows). British Journal of Anaesthesia  , DOI: ( /j.bja ) Copyright © 2019 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

3 Fig 2 The longitudinal paramedian position of the linear high-frequent ultrasound probe for observation of the administration of local anaesthetic for caudal blockade. British Journal of Anaesthesia  , DOI: ( /j.bja ) Copyright © 2019 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

4 Fig 3 Ultrasound image of the epidural space in a baby weighing 3 kg. The upward arrow indicates the dura mater, the double-ended arrow the epidural space, and the downward arrow the L5 spinous process. (Left to right=cranial to caudal.) British Journal of Anaesthesia  , DOI: ( /j.bja ) Copyright © 2019 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

5 Fig 4 Ultrasound visualisation of how the local anaesthetic is spreading inside the epidural space. The double-ended arrow indicates the dimensional increase of the epidural space in the anteroposterior plane. (Left to right=cranial to caudal.) British Journal of Anaesthesia  , DOI: ( /j.bja ) Copyright © 2019 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions


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