2. Chapter 5 Becoming an Empire
Chapter 5 Objective:
To understand how individuals and events moved the United States into the role of a world power and to recognize the effects of economic policies on U.S. diplomacy.

3. Chapter 5 Lesson 1 The Imperialist Vision
Objectives:
Explain the economic and cultural factors that fueled the growth of American imperialism.
Describe how the United States acquired Alaska. Summarize how the United States took over the Hawaiian Islands
Tennessee Curriculum Standards
Performance Indicator State: Era 7, Identify causes of American imperialism (i.e., raw materials, nationalism, missionaries, militarism, Monroe Doctrine),
Era 7, Identify consequences of American imperialism……

4. Key Terms and Names Queen Liliuokalani Imperialism Alfred T. Mahan
William Seward
Pearl Harbor
Sanford B. Dole

5. Objective Questions What is the policy of imperialism?
What were the major factors that contributed to the growth of American Imperialism
Why was the purchase of Alaska significant?
What groups were interested in increasing America’s presence in Hawaii? Why?
How did Hawaii eventually come under the control of the United States?

6. Global Competition
Late 19th century- Africa was a target of European expansionism.
By early 20th century- only 2 countries remained independent…. Ethiopia and Liberia
Imperialist began competing in Asia
Japan replaced old feudal order with a strong central government.
Americans gradually warmed to the idea of expansion
Manifest Destiny
American Imperialism
Desire for military strength
Thirst for new markets
Belief in cultural superiority

7. Desire for Military Strength
U.S.N. Admiral Alfred T. Mahan
Urged government officials to build up naval power in order to compete with other nations.
Build up of cruisers, battleships brought the U.S. the distinction of being the 3 largest naval power.

8. Thirst for New Markets
Technology enabled American farms and factories to produce more than citizens could consume.
Need for raw materials
Foreign trade is seen as the solution to American over production and the related problems of unemployment and economic depression.

9. Belief in Cultural Superiority
Social Darwinism
Belief that the United States had a responsibility to spread Christianity and “Civilization” to the worlds indigenous people’s
Manifest Destiny- belief that the U.S. would inevitably expand westward to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexico.

10. The United States takes Hawaii
1867- U.S. takes over the Mid Way Islands
-1300 miles north of Hawaii
- Islands were uninhabited
1790’s to present the U.S. had stopped in Hawaii on their way to Asia
-1820’s- missionaries founded Christian schools and churches on the islands
Sugar planters sold primarily to the U.S.

11. Cry for Annexation
Mid 1800’s- American owned sugar plantations accounted for ¾ of Hawaiian wealth
Imported laborers from Japan, Portugal, and China.
1900- foreigners out numbered native Hawaiians 3-1
1875- U.S. agreed to import sugar from Hawaii duty free
McKinley Tariff of 1890 provoked a crisis by eliminating duty free status.
American planters called for annexation.
Military and Government leaders see value
1887 built naval base at Pearl Harbor

13. One American’s Story
“I, Liliuokalani, … do here by solemnly protest against any and all acts done against myself and the constitutional government of the Hawaiian Kingdom… Now, to avoid any collision of armed forces and perhaps the loss of life, I do under this protest… yield my authority until such time as the Government if the United States shall… undo the action of its representatives and reinstate me in the authority which I claim as the constitutional sovereign of the Hawaiian Islands.”

14. The End of a Monarchy Queen Liliuokalani
Agenda of “Hawaii for Hawaiians”
Proposed ending the property owning rights of voting
Business owners- encouraged by U.S. Ambassador John L. Stevens- organized a revolution.
With help of Marines- Samuel B. Dole overthrew the queen and headed up the new government.
President Cleveland directed that the queen be restored to the throne.
Dole refused to surrender power
Cleveland recognized the Republic of Hawaii but refused to consider annexation
1897 William McKinley favored annexation
August 12, Hawaii becomes a territory though Hawaiians never voted.

16. EOC
Which of the following was the most important reason the U.S. pursued imperialism?
To help other countries politically and economically
To spread capitalism
To acquire new markets and sources of raw material
To spread democratic ideals

17. Group Work
Manifest destiny greatly influenced American policy during the first half of the 19th century. How do you think manifest destiny set the stage for American imperialism at the end of the century?