1. WWII

2. Causes of WWII
1) WWI: devastated Europe. Everyone terrified of another war.
2) Great Depression: Worldwide economic crisis put too much stress on many countries
3) Fascism: rise of aggressive dictators in Europe and Japan
4) League of Nations: League was too weak to stop Japanese, Italian, & German aggression
5) Appeasement: encouraged Hitler, allowed German Army to become strong
6) Treaty of Versailles: Ruined German economy, led to aggression by Germany, Japan, Italy

3. The World in the 1930’s The Soviet Union
Ruled by dictator Joseph Stalin
Totalitarian government: the government and every aspect of the peoples’ lives was controlled by one party
5 year plans forced USSR to modernize
Execution & torture of political enemies

4. Italy Fascist dictator Benito Mussolini in power
Fascism = militarism, extreme nationalism (my country is always right) and total loyalty to the leader “Il Duce”
Invaded and took over Ethiopia; 1935
Italy

5. Germany
Adolph Hitler & Nazi Party came to power by blaming Jews for Treaty of Versailles along with most of Germany's problems
Fascist Government
German invasion of Poland caused WWII in Europe
Germany kept taking more and more land from its neighbors while the League of Nations did nothing. Rhineland, Sudetenland, Austria

6. Japan Depression hurt Japanese economy Military took over
Emperor Hirohito
Superior Japanese would conquer all of Asia
Invaded Manchuria, China; 1931

7. USA President: FDR Foreign policy of isolationism (WWI)
Focused on Western Hemisphere
Good Neighbor policy in Latin America
"In the field of world policy I would dedicate this nation to the policy of the good neighbor--the neighbor who resolutely respects himself and, because he does so, respects the rights of others."

8. WWII Begins 1937; Asia: Japan began total war with China
The Rape of Nanking: 300,000 civilians & POW’s killed in 6 weeks

9. Now…
Get into your groups & figure out how you are going to do this assignment

10. Appeasement at Munich Hitler kept taking more and more land
UK & France thought he would stop
Agreed to give Czechoslovakia to Germany
Appeasement at Munich
Peace in our time.
Explain the historical circumstances that led to the historical developments in the above slide? What was the purpose of the slide and the thought bubbles?
Sucker!

11. What is the Point of View of the above Cartoon?

12. War in Europe Summer, 1939: Nazi-Soviet Non-aggression Pact
September, 1939: -Blitzkrieg- Germany Invaded Poland.– England & France declared war on Germany & its allies; Italy & Japan.
1940 Germany Invaded France successfully using Manstein Plan (like Schlieffen Plan)

13. What is the purpose of this cartoon?
Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
What is the purpose of this cartoon?

14. German Invasion of Poland

15. Germany Conquered France using Manstein Plan
Why was Germany conquering France a turning point in WWII?

16. Axis vs. Allies Axis Germany Italy Japan Allies England France USSR
USA

17. Moving away from isolationism
US Moves Toward War
1) Cash & Carry, Old Destroyers to UK.
2) More $ for the military, 1st peace-time draft declared
3) June 1941: Hitler launched surprise attack on Soviet Union breaking non-aggression pact
4) Lend-Lease Act: March 1941, allowed US to sell or lease military supplies to the Allies including U.S.S.R.
Moving away from isolationism

18. Why did Japan attack the US?
On December 7th 1941 the Japanese Navy attacked the US Naval Base at Pearl Harbor, Hawai’i
Explain the historical circumstances that led to the historical developments in the above documents?
Why did Japan attack the US?

23. The U.S.S. Arizona continues to leak oil in this 2004 photograph
State and define the enduring issue shown in the photo.

25. Reactions to the attack
Congress declared war on Japan
Germany and Italy declared war on US
Identify and explain a cause-and-effect relationship associated with the events, ideas, or historical developments in documents 18 and 25. Be sure to use evidence from both documents 18 and 25 in your response? (News head line and Reactions to the attack.)

26. To whom do you think is the intended audience of the political cartoon?

27. Major Battles & Turning Points
Siege of Stalingrad: Nazis were running out of oil. Needed to get oil in Caspian Sea. Couldn’t conquer Stalingrad day siege, Nazis failed. 1 million Soviets died.
Stalingrad

28. Stalingrad
Important because the Soviets did not allow the Nazis to get the oil that their war machine needed.
Tide of war began turning in favor of the Allies
Why was the battle of Stalingrad a turning point in WWII? What mistake did Hitler make? Explain the historical circumstances of which Hitler should have been aware (use evidence from the document).

29. The Japanese in the Pacific
By 1942 the Japanese controlled much of the Pacific
US Navy (aircraft carriers) started to turn the tide at the Battle of Wake Island
Explain the historical circumstances that led to the historical developments in the above map?

30. Battle of El Alamein British defeated Germans in Africa
Beat German General Erwin Rommel
Saved supply route
Cut Nazis off from oil
Allied Supplies

31. Invasion of Italy, 1943
Combined British & American invasion of Italy didn’t go very well, but it stretched the German army very thin

32. Invasion of Normandy (D-Day), 1944
Allies invaded France to free it from German control
Created 2 Front war for Germany
Germany would soon be overpowered by Allies
Why was the invasion of Normandy (D-Day) a turning point in WWII?

34. Allies Win, FDR Dies
1944: British, Americans, Soviets all closed in on Berlin
Hitler committed suicide in bunker, Germans surrendered.
FDR won re-election in 1944, died in Harry S Truman became President

35. War in the Pacific A. US Goals: i. Regain the Philippines
ii. Invade the Japanese Islands

36. War in the Pacific…
B. Island Hopping: invaded Japan by capturing islands in the Pacific along the way

37. Island Hopping
i. Navajo code-talkers help US forces communicate without Japanese interception

38. Island Hopping
ii. Gen. MacArthur led US forces to victory in Philippines, Iwo Jima, & Okinawa
Explain the historical circumstances that led to the historical developments in the above documents?

41. II. Surrender of Japan
Potsdam Declaration: Allies demanded unconditional surrender or Japan will face, “prompt and utter destruction.”
Enola Gay dropped 1st atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan; 70,000 people killed instantly. 3 days later another a-bomb dropped on Nagasaki. 40,000 people killed instantly. Many more people died later from radiation poisoning.

42. The Atomic Bomb

43. Identify and explain a cause-and-effect relationship associated with the events, ideas, or historical developments in slide Be sure to use evidence from each document.

45. Why was the Holocaust a turning point in world history?
6 million Jewish people, 5 million Gypsies, communists, homosexuals, mentally & physically disabled, POW’s, etc.
Over 11 million people systematically murdered by the Nazi regime of Germany
The Holocaust
Why was the Holocaust a turning point in world history?

47. Slide #47 State and define the enduring issue shown in the photo.

49. To whom do you think is the intended audience of the document?
The Nuremberg Trials
War crimes trials
: The Allies put Nazi leaders on trial for the atrocities of the Holocaust
“I was just following orders” not an excuse
12 Nazi leaders hanged for their crimes
To whom do you think is the intended audience of the document?

50. Potsdam, Yalta, & Tehran Conferences
Allied Powers…The “Big Three” countries (U.S.A., U.S.S.R., & U.K.) met during the war to discuss the future of the world.
Divided up the world into communist & non- communist areas.
Set the stage for the Cold War between the U.S.A. & U.S.S.R.
Churchill (UK)
Stalin (USSR)
FDR (USA)