1. Prepositional phrases, adjectival phrase, and adverbial phrases
English III

2. Phrases There are five types of phrases Prepositional phrases
Appositive phrases
Participial phrases
Gerund phrases
Infinitive phrases
Today we are covering Prepositional Phrases

3. Prepositional Phrases
Prepositions tell:
Location, direction, time, cause, or possession.
A prepositional phrase relates the noun or pronoun that appears with it to another word in the sentence.
The dog went around the box.
Where did the dog go? Around the box.
Ophelia left at noon.
When did Ophelia leave? At noon.
Object of the preposition: noun or pronoun with a preposition. You can have more than one object if conjoined with a conjunction
The dog went around the box and chest
Preposition: around
Object of Preposition: box, chest

4. Prepositional Phrases: Adjectival Phrases
Prepositional phrases often modify other words by functioning as adjectives or adverbs.
Adjectival Phrase is a prepositional phrase that acts as an adjective. They can modify:
Subjects
Direct objects
Indirect objects
Predicate nominatives

5. Prepositional Phrases: Adjectival Phrases
Examples:
The house across the road is for sale
Modifies the subject: house
Let’s take a picture of the Empire State Building
Modifying direct object: picture
Direct object: Take what? A picture
I gave the people on the trolley a tour
Modifying indirect object: people
Direct object: Gave what? Tour
Indirect Object: Gave who? The people
Italy is a country with many traditions
Modifying predicate nominative: country
Predicate nominative: Linking verb+renames subject (Italy).

6. Prepositional Phrases: Adjectival Phrases
A sentence may have two or more adjectival phrases.
One phrase may modify the object of the preceding phrase.
Two phrases may modify the same word.
Examples:
We bought the tickets for the rides in the park.
For the rides modifies tickets.
In the park modifies rides.
The photograph of the tree in the library was beautiful.
Of tree and in the library modify photograph. Unless there is an actual tree in a library

7. Prepositional Phrases: Adverbial phrases
An adverbial phrase is a prepositional phrase that acts like an adverb.
It modifies:
Verbs
Adjectives
Adverbs
It points out
Where
Why
When
In what way
To what extent

8. Prepositional Phrases: Adverbial Phrases
Examples:
She drove with speed
Drove with what?
I was scared by the loud music
Scared by what?

9. Prepositional Phrases: Adverbial Phrases
Modifying a verb:
The coins rolled across the table
Modifying an adjective:
Joan was worried beyond belief.
Modifying an adverb:
He kept his comments deep in his mind.

10. Prepositional Phrases: Adverbial Phrases
Often two adverbial phrases in different parts of a sentence can modify the same word.
Example:
After the game, we all gathered in the hall.
An adverbial phrase may follow the word it modifies
A tiny village vanished during the mudslide
An adverbial phrase may be located elsewhere in the sentence
During the mudslide, a tiny village vanished.