1. Chapter 2
Classification

2. Sorting it all out
Work with your partner to develop a system of classification for the items in the bag on your desk.
Classification
Putting things into orderly groups based on similar characteristics

3. Section 1 WHY CLASSIFY? Sorting It All Out
Scientists classify to help make sense and order of the many kinds of living things in the world.
Helps answer questions:
How many known species are there?
What are the defining characteristics of each species?
What are the relationships between these species?

4. Taxonomy Science of describing, classifying, and naming living things.
Carolus Linnaeus (1700’s)
Science of describing, classifying, and naming living things.
Linnaeus tried to classify based on shape and structure

5. Classification Today 8 Level System based on shared characteristics
Which 2 Animals would be most closely related?
Which 2 Animals would be least closely related?

6. Levels of Classification
Domain (Largest, most general) Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species (Smallest, most specific)

7. Scientific Names
2 Part Names: Includes Genus and Species Ex. Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) Human (Homo sapiens) T. rex. (Tyrannosaurus rex)

8. Dichotomous Keys
Identification aid that uses sequential pairs of descriptive statements.

9. Section 2-2 Domains and Kingdoms
EUGLENA – Plant or Animal?
PLANT
ANIMAL
Green
Make own food through photosynthesis
Whip their tails (called flagella)
Can feed on other organisms

10. 3 Domains Archaea Bacteria Eukarya Prokaryotes (?) Live in extreme
environments
Ex. Hot Springs
Also live in moderate
Prokaryotes
Soil, water, inside us
Good bacteria
Bad bacteria
Eukaryotes
4 kingdoms:
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia

11. 4 Kingdoms of Eukarya Single Celled or Simple Multicellular
Protista Fungi
Single Celled or
Simple Multicellular
First arose from ancient bacteria 2 bya
Protozoans, algae, slime molds, euglena
Complex Multicellular
No photosynthesis
Do not eat food
Absorb nutrients
Use digestive juices to break down substances
Molds & mushrooms

12. Contd. Eukaryotic Cell walls Photosynthesis Need sunlight
Plantae Animalia
Eukaryotic
Cell walls
Photosynthesis
Need sunlight
Most life dependent on plants
Complex multicellular
No cell walls
Usually able to move
Specialized sense organs
Depend on life in all other kingdoms
Sponges & Coral(?)