1. Solubility Notes

2. Solution
A solution is a type of mixture, called a homogeneous mixture, that is the same throughout

3. Solute
A solute is a substance that is dissolved to make a solution; sugar can be a solute

4. Solvent A solvent is a substance that dissolves a solute.
Example – the coffee will dissolve the sugar cubes; coffee is a solvent

5. Solubility
A measure of how much of one substance dissolves in a given amount of another substance at a given temperature

6. High Solubility
A large amount of a substance can dissolve in another substance it is said that it has high solubility
Example – ammonia (a household chemical) is a solution of ammonia in water; a large amount of ammonia can dissolve in water, giving it high solubility

7. Low Solubility
When small amounts of a substance will dissolve in water
Example – only a small amount of carbon dioxide will dissolve in water, so carbon dioxide has low solubility

8. Insoluble When a substance will NOT dissolve in water
Example – Oils do not dissolve in water, so oils are said to be insoluble in water

9. Saturated Solutions
Saturated solutions contain the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in the solvent at a given temperature
Solute = highly soluble, solution will be concentrated (VERY sweet tea)
Solute = low solubility, solution will be dilute (watered down orange juice)

10. Temperature An increase in temperature on solid solutes =
Dissolve more quickly
Greater amount can be dissolved
An increase in temperature on gases =
Less soluble in water
Example – when you boil water, you can see the tiny bubbles that rise to the surface, any air that is dissolved in water comes out of the solution

11. Temperature and Solubility
Solute
Increased Temperature
Decreased Temperature
Solid
Increase in solubility
Decrease in solubility
Gas