1. Oral Exams & Interviews
M. Mohammadi MD

2. از چه آزمونی (هایی) استفاده می کنید؟
توانایی دستیار (دانشجوی) در تصمیم گیری بالینی (Clinical Reasoning)؟
گرفتن دستیار برای بخش خود؟
بررسی توانایی دستیار (دانشجو) در Information Mastery؟
توانایی دستیار خود در گفتن خبر بد (Bad News) ؟
M. Mohammadi MD

3. Miller’s Pyramid Portfolios Faculty Observation DOES SHOWS HOW OSCE
Extended matching / MEQ
KNOWS HOW
KNOWS
MCQ EXAM
M. Mohammadi MD

4. ORAL EXAMS

5. What is an ORAL EXAMINATIONS?
It is some sort of student evaluation that
depends mainly on
verbal communication between examiner and Examinee.
M. Mohammadi MD

6. TYPES OF ORAL EXAMINATIONS
Traditional Oral Exams
Structured Oral Exams (SOE)
Interviews
Clinical Oral Exams
M. Mohammadi MD

7. ORAL EXAMINATIONS Abandoned in the US board exams for 30 years!
Continue to be used in specialty board exams in the UK, Canada & most parts of the former British Empire!
M. Mohammadi MD

8. Why is This?!

9. ORAL EXAMINATIONS (Disadvantages)
Low Reliability
Each candidate may receive different assessment
Content areas
Difficulty of questions asked
Level of prompting or help provided
Learning outcomes assessed
Low Validity
Variation in content matters
The emphasis on different content areas
M. Mohammadi MD

10. ORAL EXAMINATIONS (Disadvantages)
Correlation with personality scores
Verbal style & dress
Discriminations
Ethnic minorities
Those trained abroad
Female candidates
M. Mohammadi MD

11. ORAL EXAMINATIONS (Advantages)
It’s “Traditional”!
Difficulties in introducing alternatives to board panels
Direct personal contact
Recognition of safe & competent clinicians
Assessing professionalism & ethics
M. Mohammadi MD

12. ORAL EXAMINATIONS (Advantages)
Opportunity to probe depth of knowledge
The ability to tailor the questions asked to the needs of each individual candidate
?Measures students’ capacity to formulate ideas & communicative skills
?Measures students’ capacity of decision-making & problem-solving skills
Flexibility in moving from one area to another during the examination
?Useful information about curriculum for the examiners
M. Mohammadi MD

13. ORAL EXAMINATIONS Not So Valid Not So Reliable Not So Objective
Very Practical
M. Mohammadi MD

14. TRADITIONAL ORAL EXAMINATIONS
M. Mohammadi MD

15. Guidelines For Improvement
Structure the oral on clinical scenario (SOE)
Use a number of orals
Use a number of examiners
Provide a friendly environment
Begin with simple questions, end with most difficult one
Do not put stress on examinee especially at the beginning of examination
Prepare similar questions for different examinees
M. Mohammadi MD

16. Guidelines For Improvement
Provide more practical and more clinical questions
Design the questions before the session
Write down the question on cards from more simple to more difficult
Predict the answers in advance and consider appropriate scores for them
Train the examiners
M. Mohammadi MD

17. INTERVIEWS Unstructured Structured Written documents Dissertations
History
Physical exams
Dissertations
papers
Structured
Rating scales
Checklists
M. Mohammadi MD

18. ORAL CLINICAL EXAMINATIONS
M. Mohammadi MD

19. ORAL CLINICAL EXAMINATIONS
Patient based short case
Patient based long case
M. Mohammadi MD

20. Oral: Patient Based Short Case
Observe clinical examination (only one system), done by examinee.
Ask certain queries about the clinical exam.
Consider a short time (i.e. 5-6 minutes for each question).
M. Mohammadi MD

21. Oral: Patient Based Long Case
Examinee begins to take history and have clinical exam on a real or simulated patient (takes about 1 hour).
Examiner or panel will have an interview with examinee.
Discussion and decision making.
M. Mohammadi MD

22. Six Main Competencies to be Evaluated in Trainees
Medical Knowledge
Patient Care
Practice-based learning
Interpersonal and communication skills
Professionalism
System-based practice
M. Mohammadi MD

23. از چه آزمونی (هایی) استفاده می کنید؟
توانایی دستیار (دانشجوی) در تصمیم گیری بالینی (Clinical Reasoning)؟
گرفتن دستیار برای بخش خود؟
بررسی توانایی دستیار (دانشجو) در Information Mastery؟
توانایی دستیار خود در گفتن خبر بد (Bad News) ؟
M. Mohammadi MD

24. M. Mohammadi MD