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MT8: Civil Rights LT3: How did the African American Civil rights movement influence the Native American movement and Hispanic farm worker movement?
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Native American issues
Had been forced to live on reservations Some tribes had their children taken from them to go to American school Smallest minority group in the USA Average family made less than African American family 10x higher unemployment than any other group Less education than other groups Lived 7 years less than any other group
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Native Americans unite
Native Americans saw the success the African Americans were having with the civil rights movement They wanted to improve their life, gain equal rights Red Power: Native American group Occupied Alcatraz island Said it was their land so they could take over Protested, marched, rallies
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Effect of Native American movement
Desegregated schools Rights to create their own laws on reservation lands This is why some tribes have casinos Lands returned Laws created to protect native American lands
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Hispanic Farmworkers issues
Little pay Horrible working conditions No restrooms, no water, no breaks Wide spread poisoning by pesticides Living conditions were horrible Small, cramped, insect infested, No protection from dishonest bosses Accidents often with no reimbursement Average life was to 49
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Caesar Chavez Chávez had first-hand experience of migrant farm work.
Chávez’s parents lost their farm during the Great Depression and were forced to become migrant workers. The Chávez family barely made enough money to feed and clothe themselves, even though both parents and all the children worked in the fields.
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Caesar Chavez Was inspired by Gandhi and Martin Luther King non-violent methods He also saw that the strategies of the African American civil rights movement were effective He created the NFWA (national farm workers association) in 1962 and they used the following methods: Strikes: workers did not go work at the farms/in the fields Boycotts of specific vegetables/fruits Marches: From Delano to Sacramento Protest: Picketed grocery stores who bought fruit from certain companies who cheated farm workers Fasting
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Delano Grape Boycott Chavez called all farm workers to not pick grapes for low prices These workers went on strike A national boycott was also used No one bought grapes One of the biggest farms Schenley sprayed the farm workers with ag. Poisons To protest these actions Chavez organized a march to Sacramento Schenley agreed to raise the pay and allow workers to join unions for their protection
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Effect of Farmworker movement
Workers allowed to unions Higher pay Pension plans (retirement plans) Health care Water in fields Restrooms in fields
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Questions Why did the farmworkers need to demand rights? What were the issues? Who was the person who helped the farm workers gain civil rights? Who inspired Chavez and how he handled the civil rights movement for the Hispanic farm workers? What were the effects of the Hispanic civil rights movement? What issues did the Native Americans face? Following the Native American civil rights movement, what improved for the Native Americans?
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