1. Volume 139, Issue 4, Pages 1156-1164 (October 2010)
Prolonged Episodes of Acute Diarrhea Reduce Growth and Increase Risk of Persistent Diarrhea in Children 
Sean R. Moore, Noélia L. Lima, Alberto M. Soares, Reinaldo B. Oriá, Relana C. Pinkerton, Leah J. Barrett, Richard L. Guerrant, Aldo A.M. Lima 
Gastroenterology 
Volume 139, Issue 4, Pages (October 2010)
DOI: /j.gastro
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2. Figure 1
(A) Diarrhea attack rates of acute (<7 days), prolonged (≥7 and <14 days), and persistent (≥14 days) episodes per child-year, by age, among 414 children in Gonçalves Dias in Fortaleza, Brazil, from August 1989 through March (B) Days with diarrhea per child-year, by age. Episodes and days of diarrhea for prolonged and persistent diarrhea peaked at 6–12 and 12–24 months of age, respectively.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /j.gastro )
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3. Figure 2
Proportions of total diarrhea morbidity accounted for by acute (<7 days), prolonged (≥7 and <14 days), and persistent (≥14 days) episodes and by days of illness.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /j.gastro )
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4. Figure 3
Proportional hazard curves of time to first persistent diarrheal (PD, duration ≥14 days) episode in children with (n = 112) and without (n = 294) a prolonged episode of diarrhea (ProD; duration ≥7 and <14 days) in the first year of life. Eight children who developed PD prior to their first episode of ProD were excluded. Children who experienced at least one ProD episode of diarrhea before age 1 were nearly twice (15.5% (standard error (s.e.) = 2.5%) vs 29.9% (s.e. = 5.0) as likely to experience a PD episode by age 2 years. Cox regression showed (OR, 2.2; 95% CI: [1.32–3.54], P = .002), a similar overall increased risk of PD by age 6 years. ProD before age 1 year remained a significant (P = .025) independent predictor of later PD even after controlling for household crowding, type of sanitation, maternal education, age at weaning from exclusive breast feeding, and birth date.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /j.gastro )
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5. Figure 4
Impact of acute (<7 days), prolonged (≥7 and <14 days), and persistent (≥14 days) diarrhea on anthropometry. Nutritional Z scores were compared 3 months before and after children's first acute (n = 308), prolonged (n = 145), and persistent (n = 62) episodes. (A) Weight-for-height Z (WHZ) scores declined significantly following persistent episodes but not acute or prolonged episodes. (B) Weight-for-age Z (WAZ) scores decreased with all episodes types, and mean WAZ prior to acute diarrhea was significantly greater than mean WAZ prior to persistent diarrhea. (C) Height-for-age Z (HAZ) scores declined following acute and prolonged episodes but not persistent episodes. HAZ prior to acute diarrhea was greater than HAZ prior to prolonged or persistent diarrhea. (Error bars indicate standard error of mean; *P < .005, paired t test of Z scores before and after diarrhea; §P < .05, unpaired t test of Z scores prior to acute vs prolonged, acute vs persistent, or prolonged vs persistent episodes.)
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /j.gastro )
Copyright © 2010 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions