1. How things are Related:
Altitude, Air Pressure, & Temperature

2. Altitude
the height of anything above a reference level, especially above sea level on earth
Example: As a plane takes off, it’s altitude is increasing.

3. Air Pressure
the force exerted by air, whether compressed or unconfined, on any surface in contact with it.
Example: When you blow up a balloon, you are increasing the amount of air pressure inside the balloon causing it to expand.

4. Temperature
a measure of the warmth or coldness of an object or substance with reference to some standard value.

5. Density
mass divided by volume. It is the measure how much mass there is per volume -
Things that are mores dense are heavier because they have more molecules in the same amount of space.
Warm Air Molecules – less dense
Cold Air Molecules
- More dense

6. Obj 9: I can define Altitude, Air pressure, temperature and density
Altitude: the height of anything above a reference level, especially above sea level on earth
Air pressure: the force exerted by air, whether compressed or unconfined, on any surface in contact with it
Temperature: a measure of the warmth or coldness of an object or substance with reference to some standard value.
Density: mass divided by volume. It is the measure how much mass there is per volume

7. How are altitude and air pressure related?
Obj 10: I can describe how altitude affects air pressure and temperature,
How are altitude and air pressure related?
As altitude increases, air pressure decreases.

8. Obj 10 continued How are altitude and temperature related?
As altitude increases in the Troposphere temperature decreases
As altitude increases in the Stratosphere temperature increases
As altitude increases in the Mesosphere temperature decreases
As altitude increases in the Thermosphere temperature increases
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Troposphere
Thermosphere

9. OZONE
Good Up High, Bad Nearby

10. Objective 11: I can define ozone and identify “good” and “bad” ozone
Ozone: (o3) gas that occurs in Earth’s upper atmosphere and at ground level.
Good Ozone:
A thin layer in the stratosphere that protects us from the sun.
Located 10 – 30 miles up from the surface.
Blocks ultraviolet (UV) rays from reaching Earth’s surface.
Makes up 90% of ozone
Bad Ozone:
Found close to surface of Earth, in the troposphere.
Makes up 10% of ozone.
Main ingredient is urban smog (fog+smoke).
Air pollutant that is harmful to breathe and it damages crops, trees and other vegetation.
POLLUTION!!

11. Without the “good” ozone, more UV rays will reach the surface of the Earth.

12. What causes ozone depletion?
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs)
coolants
foaming agents
fire extinguishers
solvents
pesticides,
aerosol propellants

13. What happens if we have more UV Rays…
more cases of skin cancer
increase in melanoma
impaired immune systems
Cataracts
damage sensitive crops
reduce crop yields
decrease in phytoplankton (the base of the
ocean food chain)

14. Is there any evidence…

15. What are we doing? Montreal Protocol 1987
phase out the production and use of ozone-depleting substances.
EPA has established regulations Warning labels must be placed on all products containing CFCs (ex. hairspray)
Releases into the air of refrigerants used in car and home air conditioning units and appliances are prohibited.
substitutes to ozone-depleting products
have been produced and others are being developed
natural ozone production should return the ozone layer to normal levels by about 2050

16. Objective 12: I can describe the Greenhouse Effect
Greenhouse Effect: The trapping of heat near Earth’s surface by greenhouse gases (Carbon Dioxide, Methane) that form a “blanket” around the Earth
Without the greenhouse effect, Earth would be much colder—about 33 Celsius degrees colder, on average. All of Earth’s water would be frozen!

17. Obj 13 I can describe Climate Change
Category
Air Quality
Properties
Causes are both natural and man made
Was once called “Global Warming”
Climate Change
What are some warnings?
Too many greenhouse gases are a problem
Earth’s average temperature is rising
More intense summers and winters
Stronger storms

18. Obj 13 continued
Climate Change is an average increase in the temperature of the atmosphere near the Earth's surface and in the troposphere, which can contribute to changes in global climate patterns
Climate Change can occur from a variety of causes, both natural and human included
Why does Climate Change affect us?
Glaciers, permafrost and sea ice are disappearing
Sea levels are rising, seasons changing and extreme weather is becoming more extreme
Could lead to more droughts, floods, intense storms

19. What can I do to help? – Be an Environmental Steward
An environmental steward is someone who protects the environment through recycling, conservation, regeneration, and restoration.
It means taking responsibility for our choices.
The responsibility for environmental quality should be shared by all those whose actions affect the environment.

20. Watch an older cartoon intro to “Captain Planet”
Click the link above to find out