1. You’re Alive, You take up Space…YOU Matter!
Chemistry of Life
You’re Alive, You take up Space…YOU
Matter!

2. What is matter and what are atoms?
Anything that takes up space and has mass.
atoms – the building blocks of matter
Atoms consist of 3 subatomic particles:
a. Protons (+)
b. Electrons (-)
c. Neutrons (0)

3. What is an element & what is an isotope?
Pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances
Ex: gold, zinc, carbon, oxygen, etc. (118)
*ISOTOPES* – same element with different numbers of neutrons
Ex. Carbon-12 (6 p + 6n) Carbon-14 (6p + 8n)
Element Song

4. A little elemental humor…

5. What it is a compound vs. molecule?
Compounds: when two or more different elements combine
Ex. NaCl, CH4
Molecules: compound held together by covalent bonds
Ex. H2O, CO2

6. So, why do atoms bond anyway?
Atoms bond when their outermost energy level is not full (valence electrons)
First shell – holds 2 max
Second shell - holds 8 max
2 Types …..

7. 1. What is an ionic bond? TRANSFERRING electrons
Ions form when atoms either gain (-) or lose electrons (+)
Opposites attract
NaCl (Salt!)
Na has only one e- in outermost shell, so it gives it away /transfers it & becomes a Na+ (ion)…Cl has 7 e- in outermost shell, so it accepts the e- and becomes a Cl – (ion) and opposites attract.

8. 2. What is a covalent bond? Form molecules SHARING electrons
Ex. CH4, H2O, CO2, O2,
Form molecules
O has 6 e- in outermost shell (yellow) and each H only has 1 e- (green) – therefore, O shares one e- with each H and they each share one with O.

9. 3. What is a hydrogen bond?
In water, even though e- are shared, Oxygen is a “bully” and pulls the e- more towards it giving the O atom a (–)
charge and the H atoms a (+) charge…POLAR

10. Chemical Reactions
Process by which atoms or groups of atoms are rearranged into different substances
Reactants  Products
Example: C6H12O6 + 6O2  CO2 + H2O
All reactions require ENERGY to start = Activation Energy