1. FOG 5 Unit 17 Infinitives
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2. What is procrastination? What are the dangers of procrastination?
Do you ever procrastinate? If so, in what situations?

3. Infinitive as Subject Infinitive (Subject) Verb Object
To procrastinate
causes
a lot of problems.
Not to go ahead
proved
a mistake.
*Formal

4. Infinitive as object Subject Verb Infinitive (object) Not everyone
wants
to procrastinate. He
decided
not to go ahead.

5. Infinitive as subject complement
Verb
Infinitive (subject complement)
His job is
to motivate
people.
Their real intention
not to succeed.

6. It + Infinitive It Be Adjective For/of + noun/pronoun Infinitive is
foolish
for Alice/her
to procrastinate.
was
wrong
of Hal/him
not to go ahead.
*More common

7. Verbs followed by infinitives
(Noun/
Pronoun)
Infinitive
They
decided-hoped-neglected, etc. -
to call.
convinced-told-urged, etc.
Steve/him
expected-needed-wanted, etc.
(Steve/him)

8. Adjectives followed by infinitives
Hal is
reluctant
to complete
his work on time.
He’s
careful
not to make
mistakes.
They’re
happy
to hear
the test has been postponed.
afraid, amazed, excited, fortunate, glad, happy, important, likely, proud, reluctant, sorry, and willing

9. Nouns followed by infinitives
He can always think of
reasons
to put off
studying.
It seems like
the thing
to do.
She always shows
reluctance
to finish
a job.
*Expresses advisability or necessity

10. Too-enough with infinitives
Too + adjective/adverb
Infinitive
The project is
too complicated
to finish
on time.
Alice types
too slowly
to meet
the deadline.
Adjective/adverb + enough
Infinitive
Steve is
intelligent enough
to understand
the situation.
He didn’t call
quickly enough
to get
the job.
Enough + noun
Infinitive
They have
enough intelligence
to pass
the test.
intelligence enough

11. Active and Passive Infinitives
Active infinitives
Passive infinitives
Simple past
She plans to invite them.
They expect to be invited.
She was glad to have invited them.
They were happy to have been invited.
Use a past infinitive (to + have + past participle) to show an action occurred before the main verb.
You seem to have forgotten the report that was due today.

12. Change in meaning with infinitive or gerund
Verb
Gerund/ infinitive
Meaning
Sentence
Forget
Gerund
Memory
I’ll never forget driving for the first time.
Infinitive
Task
I forgot to do my homework.
Remember
I can’t remember taking my vitamins.
I remembered to take my vitamins today.
Stop
Quit
I stopped smoking.
Purpose
I stopped (working) to smoke.
Regret
Past action
I regret telling her my secret.
Bad news
I regret to tell you that you must pay the fine.
Try
New approach
Try opening the door.
Effort
I tried to open the door.