1. THE PROTOZOA UNICELLULAR - EUCARYOTIC MICROORGANISMS
FOUND IN THE KINGDOM PROTISTA
NO COMMON BASIC STRUCTURE, SIZE OR SHAPE
SIZE VARIES GREATLY - 2 TO 5,000 MICROMETERS
DISTRIBUTION
FREE LIVING FORMS

2. PARASITIC FORMS (MANY ANIMALS CARRY PROTOZOANS AS NORMAL FLORA)
FACTORS AFFECTING DISTRIBUTION OF FREE LIVING FORMS
NaCl CONCENTRATION pH
TEMPERATURE
OXYGEN REQUIREMENTS

3. NUTRITION
FREE LIVING FORMS - PHAGOCYTOSIS OF PARTICULATE MATTER
COMPLEX NUTRITIONAL NEEDS
ALL ARE CHEMOHETEROTROPHS
STORAGE PRODUCTS - GLYCOGEN, STARCH AND LIPIDS
REPRODUCTION
ASEXUAL – BINARY FISSION, MULTIPLE FISSION OR BUDDING

4. SEXUAL - SYNGAMY OR CONJUGATION
CLASSIFICATION (ORGANELLES OF MOTOLITY)
KINGDOM: PROTISTA
PHYLUM: PROTOZOA
GROUPINGS: AMOEBA, FLAGELLATES, CILIATES, SPOROZOA
AMOEBA - PSEUDOPODIA - NO CELL WALL
AMOEBA PROTEUS - FREE LIVING AMOEBA

8. ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA ACANTHAMOEBA Sp.
Causes: Amoebic Dysentery
ACANTHAMOEBA Sp.
Causes: 1. Granulomatous Amoebic Encephalitis
2. Keratitis

9. FLAGELLATES - FLAGELLA (MOST HUMAN PATHOGENS IN THIS GROUP)
MOST PRIMITIVE OF THE PROTOZOANS
CHARACTERISTICS OF FLAGELLA

10. EUGLENA Sp.

12. PATHOGENIC FLAGELLATES
GIARDIA LAMBLIA
TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS
TRYPANOSOMA SP.

14. CILIATES

16. MOST ADVANCED OF THE PROTOZOA
ORAL GROOVE
CONTRACTILE VACUOLE
NUCLEAR DIMORPHISM
REPRODUCTION
ASEXUALLY BY BINARY FISSION
SEXUALLY BY CONJUGATION
PATHOGENIC CILIATE – BALANTIDIUM COLI

19. Treatment for protozoan infections is usually an antibiotic called metranidazole also called flagyl.

20. SPOROZOA ALL OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR PARASITES
ALL HAVE COMPLEX LIFE CYCLES
PATHOGENIC SPOROZOAN-PLASMODIUM Sp.
CAUSATIVE AGENT OF MALARIA
FOUR SPECIES CAUSE MALARIA

22. 1. P. MALARIAE
2. P. OVALE
3. P. VIVAX
4. P. FALCIPARUM
LIFE CYCLE OCCURS IN TWO ORGANISMS
MOSQUITO (ANOPHELES Sp.) AND ANIMAL BODY
SEXUAL CYCLE IN MOSQUITO
ASEXUAL CYCLE IN HUMAN BODY

23. 3 IMPORTANT STAGES IN LIFE CYCLE
SPOROZOITE
MEROZOITE
GAMETOCYTE
LIFE CYCLE OF PLASMODIUM

26. SYMPTOMS OF MALARIA MOST DEADLY FORM IS P.FALCIPARUM HOW MALARIA KILLS

27. TREATMENT FOR MALARIA - QUININE AND ITS DERIVATIVES
CHLOROQUINE
PRIMAQUINE
MEFLOQUINE - LARIUM
SIDE EFFECTS OF LONG TERM USE OF QUININE
HALLUCINATIONS
CONVULSIONS
EMOTIONAL CHANGES

28. VACCINE????

30. TOXOPLASMOSIS
CAUSED BY TOXOPLASMA GONDII
SEEN MOSTLY IN PEOPLE WITH COMPROMISED IMMUNE SYSTEMS
CATS ARE AN ESSENTIAL PART OF THE LIFE CYCLE OF THIS PROTOZOAN
THE ORGANISM REPLICATES IN THE INTESTINE OF THE CAT.
IT PASSES OUT OF THE CAT IN ITS FECAL MATERIA
PEOPLE INJEST THE ORGANISM