1. Identifying Prejudice and Discrimination

2. Questions:
As our society becomes more diverse, does stereotyping, prejudice, discrimination and racism increase or decrease?
What forms of racism, discrimination and prejudice have occurred in world history? Why?

3. Poster that reads, "The Jew: The inciter of war, the prolonger of war
Poster that reads, "The Jew: The inciter of war, the prolonger of war." It is from 1943 or 1944, during the height of the Holocaust.

4. Splitting hairs: Defining words
In your tables, define and give an example of each of the following: - RACISM - DISCRIMINATION - PREJUDICE - STEREOTYPE - GENOCIDE

5. Definitions
Racism: Negative behaviour based on an incorrect assumption that one race is inherently superior to others
Discrimination: Unfair actions directed against people based on their race, gender, ethnicity, nationality, language, faith or sexual orientation
Prejudice: A set of opinions, attitudes and feelings that unfairly case a group and its members in a negative light without legitimate reasons
Stereotypes: false or generalized beliefs about a group of people that result in categorizing members without regard for individual difference
Genocide: The most extreme form of systemic discrimination, by which deliberate attempts are made by authorities at mass murder of any national, ethnic, racial, or religious group

6. Other Important Definitions
Anti-Semitism: particular form of individual or systemic discrimination directed against Jews
Systemic Discrimination: describes a system that favours one or some groups over others in terms of hiring, benefits, promotions, and pay increases
Systemic Racism: Discrimination based on a sense of racial superiority is part of the philosophy and practices of a company, institution, or a whole society
Systemic Sexism: Discrimination based on a sense of male superiority is part of the philosophy and practices of a company, institution, or a whole society

7. Case Study 1
1948- social scientist S. Wax conducted an experiment to showcase discrimination in Canada
Experiment: Respond to 100 ads for summer results in Ontario and requested room reservations for the same dates under two different names: “Mr. Greenberg” and “Mr. Lockwood”
Results
Conclusions?
Same experiment conducted using names “Mr. Smith” and Mr. Little Bear”
1948- social scientist S. Wax conducted an experiment to showcase discrimination in Canada
Responded to 100 ads for summer results in Ontario and requested room reservations for the same dates under two different names: Mr. Greenberg and Mr. Lockwood
Nearly all resorts contacted Mr. Lockwood and offered him accommodations; while only 1/3 offered accommodations to Mr. Greenberg
Conclusions?
Same experiment conducted using names “Mr. Smith” and Mr. Little Bear”
Results: Mr. Smith offered a room at every resort, Mr. Little Bear only received 20% confirmation

8. Case Study 2
Texan named Howard Griffin conducted an unusual experiment to experience prejudice in 1960
Used dark pigment and tanning lamps to temporarily change his skin to a dark colour
Arranged with a African American magazine to publish a series of stories about his day to day encounters as a black man travelling across the southern US in search of work
Results
Reaction
Effects
Texan named Howard Griffin conducted an unusual experiment to experience prejudice in 1960
Used dark pigment and tanning lamps to temporarily change his skin to a dark colour
Arranged with a African American magazine to publish a series of stories about his day to day encounters as a black man travelling across the southern US in search of work
Results: denied access to washrooms, restaurants, accommodations and jobs, and threatened with violence
Reaction: Griffin rushed to removed his skin colour = shows the deep affect of how people view themselves
Published his journal “Black Like Me” – helped rally white support behind the emerging American Civil Rights Movements in 1960s

9. Case Study 3
2001, Moncton NB
18 year old male arrested after a metre high cross found burning on the front lawn of a black family
Where does freedom of expression and speech end and freedom from discrimination begin?
Potential charges: -property mischief -vandalism -hate crime

10. Map of Prejudice

11. Kenneth E. Boulding
In 1956, he published The Image: Knowledge in Life and Society
The book outlined a view of perception where he stated we are shaped and changed by the personal background and experiences of individuals.
He used “the image” to describe how people do not perceive things exactly as they exist in the real world
He believed instead they responded to an image of reality and this image differs from person to person
How can his views be related to the subject of stereotyping, prejudice and discrimination?
People used background and experiences to form images of others -if the image of a certain group in society is negative = negative stereotyping -if negative feelings are strong- it is prejudice -if someone acts on prejudice – then discrimination

12. The Paradigm
In 1989, American Psychologist Joel Barker worked on the concept of paradigm
This was what he called the set of rules and conditions stored in the brain that a person uses to interpret and understand sensory experience
A paradigm acts like a filter through which information is processed
Eg. The approach of a stranger can be seen by one person as a possible threat, while someone else may see it as just another passerby – Why is this the case?
Difference is based on set of rules and conditions,(paradigms) that tow people use to evaluate the same thing -possible to change the set of rule san conditions by which people judge situations= paradigm shift

14. Think about: Is prejudice learned or is it innate? What causes hate?
Can prejudice become unlearned?
What are some examples of prejudice in our world today? Racism?

15. Ticket out the Door
What are some examples of prejudice in our world today? In Terrace? Can these actions or feelings be unlearned? Why or why not?