1. Taxonomy p

2. How do we describe, group and classify these organisms?

3. Classification
the grouping of information or objects based on similarities.
Taxonomy
the classification of living organisms

4. Do not Copy…
We only know about a fraction of the organisms that exist or have existed on Earth.
Taxonomists give a unique scientific name to each species they know about whether it’s alive today or extinct.
The scientific name comes from one of two “dead” languages – Latin or ancient Greek.

5. Devil Cat

6. Ghost Cat

7. Mountain Lion

8. Screaming Cat

9. Puma

10. Florida Panther

11. Cougar

12. There are at least 50 common names for the animal shown on the previous 7 slides.
Common names vary according to region.
Soooo……why use a scientific name?

13. Binomial Nomenclature
   
Binomial Nomenclature
a two name system for writing scientific names.
The genus name is written first (always Capitalized).    
The species name is written second (never capitalized).    

14. Both words are
italicized if typed
underlined if hand written.
Example: Felis concolor or F. concolor
Which is the genus? The species?

15. Species A group of organisms that resemble one another. Physically
Behaviourly
Genetically
Can interbreed under natural conditions to produce fertile offspring.

16. Levels of Classification
Seven levels – taxa
King Philip Came Over From Germany Swimming!

17. The 6 Kingdoms Originally there were only two kingdoms Plants Animals
Then the microscope was invented!
A third kingdom was created!
Protista
But some protists did not have a nucleus

18. So a forth kingdom was created – Monera
Later, Monera was split into Eubacteria and Archaebacteria

19. Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
The 6 Kingdoms are divided into two main groups:
Prokaryotes
2 kingdoms (Eubacteria, Archaebacteria)
No membrane bound organelles (Ex. Nucleus)
Eukaryotes
4 Kingdoms (Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista)
Have a nucleus etc.

20. Grizzly Bear Example:

22. Chimpanzee vs. Human Taxa

23. Phylogeny
The history of the evolution of a species or a group of species
Often shown in a diagram called a phylogenetic tree
The ancestral form starts at the trunk, and branches lead to all the descendants

25. The Dichotomous Key
A two part key (Two choices at each step) used to identify living things.

26. How it works
You are presented a sequence of choices between two statements, based on characteristics of the organism are given.
By always making the correct choice, the name of the organism will be revealed.

27. 1.  
A. one pair of wings
B. Two pairs of wings