1. Chapter 11 Introduction to Genetics
11-1The Work of Gregor Mendel
11-2Probability and Punnett Squares
11-3Exploring Mendelian Genetics
11-4Meiosis
11-5Linkage and Gene Maps

2. 11-1The Work of Gregor Mendel
Objectives
What is the principle of dominance?
What happens during segregation?

3. Introduction
Genetics: the scientific study of heredity

4. Gregor Mendel’s Peas The “father” of genetics
Experimented with pea plants to understand the passing of traits
Fertilization: Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell

5. Gregor Mendel’s Peas Cont’d
True-breeding: Offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self pollinate
Pea plants are usually true-breeding, but Mendel cross-pollinated these plants to identify how traits are inherited

6. Blue Ticket Question
What is fertilization?

7. Blue Ticket Answer
Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell

8. Genes and Dominance
Trait: a specific characteristic that varies from 1 individual to another
Hybrids: the offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
Gene: sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait
Alleles: one of a number of different forms of a gene

9. Genes and Dominance Cont’d
The principle of dominance states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive
People with dominant alleles will show those traits
There must be 2 recessive traits to show

10. Segregation Segregation: separation of alleles during gamete formation
Gamete: specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction
When organisms make gametes, the 2 alleles segregate from each other so that each gamete carries only a single copy of each gene

11. 11-1 Exit Ticket
Answer the following questions. Use complete sentences. You may NOT use your book. You MAY use your notes. This is a quiz grade.
What is the principle of dominance?
What happens during segregation?