1. Global Peacemakers

2. Casualties of War

3. Talk of Peace Wilson’s Fourteen Points End to secret treaties
Removal of trade barriers among nations
Reduction of military forces
Right of self-determination
Allies discarded many proposals

4. Paris peace conference
January 1919
Wilson headed talks on American behalf
Not interested in spoils of war
Wilson forced to compromise
The Big Four
U.S., Britain, France, Italy
Wanted huge reparations from Central Powers
Feared spread of communism from Russia
Allied powers took over German colonies

5. League of Nations Wilson wanted international peace organizations
Creation of League of Nations
Attack on one country attack on all
Congress voted down League of Nations

6. Peace Treaty Redrew the map of Europe
Some nations created as a buffer to communism
Arraignments created more ethnic tension
Reduced ottoman empire to Turkey
Italy gained almost no territory
Placed guilt on Germany
1921 – Reparations Commission ruled Germany owed $33 Billion to allies

7. New Map

8. Review
How important were Wilson’s Fourteen Points to the outcome of the peace talks?
What were American fears about the Fourteen Points?
What were some reasons for the redrawing of the map of Europe?

9. Singing of Treaty May 7, 1919 Germany refused to sign
French threatened invasion
June 28 Germany signed at Versailles outside Paris

10. Reaction at Home Senate hated League of Nations contract in treaty
Wilson toured the nation
Wilson grew inflexible
All or nothing
Senate rejected treaty
March 1920 still rejected
May 20, 1920 congress disregarded treaty and declared war over
Vetoed
July 2, 1921 Another resolution passed and President Harding Signed

11. Postwar adjustments War enlarged economy
1922 Senate debt commission declared Europe owed $11.5 billion to U.S.
Britain decline in power
France as well
Returning service men had no jobs
No plan for peacetime economy
Women and minorities fired to make way for returning men

12. Closure What was the name of President Wilson’s request for peace?
How did congress react the idea of the League of Nations? Why?
What were some consequences to post war adjustment both abroad and at home?