1. Warm Up
What natural landforms and water ways may have protected India from outside invasion?
Use map on p. 45 in your textbook

2. India
SSWH2 The student will identify the major achievements of Chinese and Indian societies from 1100 BCE to 500 CE
Describe the development of Indian civilization; include the rise and fall of the Maurya Empire, the “Golden Age” under Gupta, and the emperor Ashoka.
Explain the development and impact of Hinduism and Buddhism on India and subsequent diffusion of Buddhism

3. Geography
Mountains (N) and desert (E) separate India from the rest of Asia
Indus and Ganges Rivers
Monsoons: cyclical, seasonal winds that bring rain or dryness

4. India Geography!

5. Civilization!! 7000 BCE Domestication and Agriculture
2500 BCE First cities
Harappan civilizations – made of large cities
Mohenjo-Daro
Harappa

6. Planning Language Harappan cities were planned! Grids, sewage system
Not deciphered
Believed to be similar to hieroglyphics and cuneiform

7. Culture Religion Few weapons Artifacts – toys!
Animals very important to society
Possible theocracy
Artifacts link to Hindu culture (we will cover later)
Important figures still used today

8. Mauryan Empire (Moorian)
321 BCE
Chandragupta Maurya (Mooria) unifies India
Divides India into four provinces
301 BCE
Asoka (Chandragupta’s grandson!) promotes Buddhism and religious tolerance – acceptance of other beliefs
*only after killing 100,000 soldiers to expand the empire
Constructed roads for pilgrims and trade

9. Gupta Empire 320 CE Chandra Gupta (No relation)
Society was patriarchal – headed by eldest male (matriarchal – headed by eldest female)
Ganges river was the power base
“Golden Age” – expanded empire, increased trade, art, religious thought, and scientific exploration increased!

10. The Ganges Today

11. Hinduism Developed slowly Vedas religious texts
Upanishads dialogues between student and teacher
Religion is meant to liberate the soul!!

12. Hinduism Reincarnation – soul being born again and again and again…
Karma – good or bad deeds that influence reincarnation
Brahma – Creator
Vishnu – preserver
Shiva - destroyer

13. Hinduism – Social Class
Caste System class system, born into, cannot move
Actions in previous life determine caste in next one

14. Caste System Today

15. Buddhism Siddhartha Gautama Enlightenment – wisdom Four Noble Truths:
Life is filled with suffering
Cause of suffering is desire for temporary pleasure
Way to end suffering is to end desire
The way to overcome suffering and end desire is the Eightfold Path

16. Buddhism Nirvana – release from selfishness and pain
Rejects Caste system
Spreads to China, Korea, Japan, and other areas through trade.
How does trade help spread ideas?!?!