1. about 100 billion multipolar neurons
The Brain
about 100 billion multipolar neurons

2. Divided into 4 major sections
Brain stem
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Cerebrum

3. Protective covering
meninges

4. Blood-brain barrier

5. Cerebrospinal fluid provides protection, maintains proper ion concentration for the CNS, and provides a pathway to the blood for waste

7. Brain Stem Connects cerebrum and diencephalon to the spinal cord
Midbrain- reflexes
Pons- breathing
Medulla oblongata- heart rate, breathing, blood pressure
Reticular formation- arousal (comatose state)

8. Cerebellum Anterior and posterior lobes
Coordination of desired movements
Regulates posture and balance
Cognitive and language processing

9. Diencephalon
Located between cerebral hemispheres and above the midbrain
Contains:
Thalmus- relay station for sensory impulses
Hypothalmus- maintains homeostasis by regulating:
Heart rate
Temperature
Water/ electrolyte balance
Hunger
Glandular secretions
Sleep

10. - Epithalamus- superior and posterior to
Contains pineal gland- secretes
hormone melatonin (endocrine)

11. Diencephalon

12. The Basal Ganglia (caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus) act as a relay station for motor impulses travelling from the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord

14. The cerebral cortex interconnects with the basal ganglia, the thalmus and the hypothalmus to form the Limbic System
Controls emotional experience and expression

15. Cerebrum Divided into 2 cerebral hemispheres by the corpus callosum
Convolutions- ridges of the brain (gyri)
Sulcus- shallow groove
Fissure- deep groove

16. Lobes of the cerebrum (higher brain function)
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital
Insula

17. Covered in a thin layer of gray matter called the Cerebral Cortex
Motor area (mostly frontal)
Sensory area (mostly parietal)
Association areas (throughout cerebrum)
Frontal- concentration, problem solving, planning
Parietal- compose speech, touch sensation
Temporal understand speech, reading, music
Occipital- analyzing visual patterns

19. frog
bird
cat

20. Electroencephalogram (EEG)

21. Cranial nerves I - Olfactory II - Optic III - Oculomotor
IV - Trochlear
V - Trigeminal
VI - Abducens
VII - Facial
VIII - Auditory
IX - Glossopharyngeal
X - Vagus
XI - Accessory
XII - Hypoglassal