1. The Fall of the Republic
Ancient Rome

2. The Punic Wars Begin Rome/Carthage want Sicily
Carthaginians have a colonies
Rome sends army
Rome = strong army,
Carthage = strong navy
Rome builds a navy
20 years of fighting, Rome wins, Carthage leaves Sicily and pays a HUGE fine

3. The Second Punic War Carthage expands empire in Spain
Rome helps locals rebel
Carthage gets mad and sends Hannibal
Takes horses, and elephants across Alps and invades
He crushes the Roman army

4. Second Punic War Cont’d
Rome raises another army and invades Carthage
Hannibal returns home but loses
Carthage gives up navy, Spain, and pays another HUGE fine

5. The Third Punic War Carthage still trading center
Rome wants it and invades
Rome murders 500,000 people
Rome wins and enslaves 50,000 men, women, and children
Spread salt on fields so Carthaginians can no longer grow food
Rome later defeats Macedonia and Greece
Rome sole power in Mediterranean

6. Rich and Poor
Plebeians gained power in government but patricians still dominate
few rich and privileged, many poor
plebeians sinking into debt and poverty
patricians=large farms, slaves do the work. Pleb’s forced out and could not find work. Wealthy have slaves do it all
politicians want poor votes so they hand out food and entertainment (bread and circuses)
dishonest rulers come to power based off of what they give the poor

7. Politics and the Army The Army Enters Politics
military had stayed out of government
soldiers were plebeian farmers, but plebeians couldn’t farm anymore
Consul Marius began paying them and promised land
Troops now motivated by money and land not duty
new power struggles between generals
Sulla comes in and makes himself dictator
he weakens Council of the Plebs and strengthens Senate
Sulla steps down as dictator and Rome is in civil war